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Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition) Association between sociodemographic variables, healthy habits and stress with d...
Journal Information
Vol. 37. Issue 3.
(May - June 2025)
Original article
Association between sociodemographic variables, healthy habits and stress with diabesity
Asociación entre variables sociodemográficas, hábitos saludables y estrés con diabesidad
Ángel Arturo López-Gonzáleza,b,c, Emilio Martínez-Almoyna Rifáa,b, Hernán Paublini Oliveiraa,b, Cristina Martorell Sáncheza,b, Pedro Juan Tárraga Lópezd,f,
Corresponding author
pjtarraga@sescam.jccm.es

Corresponding author.
, José Ignacio Ramírez-Manenta,c,e
a Grupo ADEMA-Salud, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (IUNICS), Balearic Islands, Spain
b Facultad de Odontología, Escuela Universitaria ADEMA-UIB, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
c Servicio de Salud de las Islas Baleares, Balearic Islands, Spain
d Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
e Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de las Islas Baleares, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
f IDISCAM, Instituto de Investigación de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Characteristics of the sample.
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Table 2. Prevalence of diabesity with different criteria according to sociodemographic variables, healthy habits, and stress by sex.
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Table 3. Multinomial logistic regression.
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Abstract
Introduction

Diabesity is a pathological condition that combines obesity and type 2 diabetes in the same individual. Due to the current rise in both conditions, the prevalence of diabesity is increasing worldwide. Its etiology is known to be multifactorial; therefore, the aim of this study is to understand how diabesity is associated with various sociodemographic variables, healthy habits, and stress.

Materials and methods

A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 24,224 Spanish workers to evaluate the association between diabesity and various factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and stress. The criteria used to define diabesity included body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), and visceral fat (VF).

Results

All the aforementioned variables were found to be associated with diabesity. The highest odds ratios (OR) were observed for age, with values ranging from 5.57 (95% CI: 4.48–6.67) when BF was used as the diabesity criterion to 6.89 (95% CI: 5.60–8.19) when VF was the criterion. Similarly, elevated ORs were observed for male gender, with ORs of 6.77 (95% CI: 5.31–8.24) for VF and 3.34 (95% CI: 2.77–3.94) for BF.

Conclusions

In our study, the profile of a person at highest risk of diabesity is a man over 50 years old from a lower socioeconomic status, who is a smoker, regular alcohol consumer, sedentary, with low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and experiencing high stress levels.

Keywords:
Diabesity
Sociodemographic variables
Mediterranean diet
Alcohol consumption
Stress
Physical exercise
Resumen
Introducción

La diabesidad es un cuadro patológico que aúna en un mismo individuo obesidad y diabetes tipo 2. Debido al incremento actual de ambas patologías la diabesidad está incrementando su prevalencia en todo el mundo. Es conocido que su etiología es multifactorial, por ello el objetivo de este estudio es conocer cómo se asocia la diabesidad con diferentes variables sociodemográficas, hábitos saludables y estrés.

Material y métodos

Se realiza un estudio descriptivo y transversal en 24224 trabajadores españoles en los que se valora la asociación entre diabesidad y diferentes variables como edad, género, estatus socioeconómico, tabaco, alcohol, ejercicio físico, dieta mediterránea y estrés. Los criterios para determinar diabesidad incluyen índice de masa corporal, grasa corporal (GC) y grasa visceral (GV).

Resultados

Todas las variables antes mencionadas muestran asociación con la diabesidad, encontrando que las odss ratio (OR) más elevadas corresponden a la edad con valores que oscilan entre 5,57 (IC 95% 4,48-6,67) si el criterio de diabesidad es GC y 6,89 (IC 95% 5,60-8,19) si el criterio es GV. Las OR también son elevadas para el género masculino con OR de 6,77 (IC 95% 5,31-8,24) si el criterio es GV y 3,34 (IC 95% 2,77-3,94) si el criterio es la GC.

Conclusiones

El perfil de persona con más riesgo de presentar diabesidad en nuestro estudio corresponde a un varón mayor de 50 años, perteneciente al estatus socioeconómico más desfavorecido, fumador, consumidor habitual de alcohol, sedentario, con baja adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y con alto nivel de estrés.

Palabras clave:
Diabesidad
Variables sociodemográficas
Dieta mediterránea
Consumo de alcohol
Estrés
Ejercicio físico

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