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Cirugía Española (English Edition) Comparison of weight loss and metabolic syndrome parameters between sleeve gastr...
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Original article
Available online 24 October 2025
Comparison of weight loss and metabolic syndrome parameters between sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: A propensity score analysis
Comparación de la pérdida de peso y parámetros del síndrome metabólico entre la gastrectomía vertical y el bypass gástrico en Y de Roux: análisis de puntuación de propensión
María Asunción Acosta-Méridaa,b,
Corresponding author
maacosta03@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, Raquel Bañolas-Suáreza, Julia Díaz-Dávilab, Pedro Saavedra-Santanab, Joaquín Marchena-Gómezb
a Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
b Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
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Table 1. Characteristics of patients in total and according to type of surgery.
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Table 2. Patient characteristics after propensity score matching.
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Table 3. Outcomes in the propensity score–matched cohort.
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Table 4. Patient characteristics with metabolic syndrome: overall and by type of surgery.
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Abstract
Introduction

Although laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has positioned itself as the leading bariatric technique worldwide, surpassing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), its possible inferiority in terms of weight and metabolic results remains controversial. The of this study was to compare the response of both techniques in terms of weight loss and obesity-related metabolic complications.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of all patients who had undergone LSG and LRYGB in our center from 2013 to 2022. Patient characteristics, postoperative complications, postoperative weight loss and evolution of comorbidities were recorded. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed to homogenize the 2 intervention groups for body mass index (BMI) and preoperative metabolic syndrome.

Results

Out of the 354 patients who met the selection criteria, 309 patients were ultimately included in the study (172 LSG and 137 LRYGB); mean age was 45.8 ± 9.5 years; 205 were women (66.3%). Median BMI was 47 (interquartile range = 42.8–52.9). After propensity score matching, 118 patients remained in each group. BMI trajectories during the first 3 years of follow-up after the 2 types of surgery showed no significant differences (P = .693). One month after treatment, there were also no differences in postoperative metabolic syndrome parameters or complication rates (P = .866).

Conclusions

Our data suggest that sleeve gastrectomy provides a similar weight and metabolic response to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with similar BMI and metabolic syndrome characteristics.

Keywords:
Bariatric surgery
Weight loss
Metabolic syndrome
Postoperative complications
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Sleeve gastrectomy
Resumen
Introducción

La posible inferioridad de la gastrectomía vertical laparoscópica (LSG) frente al bypass gástrico laparoscópico en Y de Roux (LRYGB) en términos de pérdida de peso y resultados metabólicos sigue siendo controvertida. El objetivo fue comparar la respuesta entre ambas técnicas, en pérdida de peso y complicaciones metabólicas relacionadas con la obesidad.

Método

Estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes sometidos a LSG y LRYGB en nuestro centro, entre 2013 y 2022. Se registraron las características de los pacientes, las complicaciones postoperatorias, la pérdida de peso postoperatoria y la evolución de las comorbilidades. Se realizó un emparejamiento de puntuación de propensión 1:1 para homogeneizar los dos grupos de intervención respecto al índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el síndrome metabólico preoperatorio.

Resultados

De los 354 pacientes que cumplían los criterios de selección, se analizaron finalmente 309 pacientes (172 LSG y 137 LRYGB), edad media 45,8 ± 9,5 años, 205 mujeres (66,3%). Mediana del IMC 47 (Rango intercuartil = 42.8–52.9). Tras el emparejamiento por puntuación de propensión, 118 pacientes permanecieron en cada grupo. Las trayectorias del IMC durante los 3 primeros años de seguimiento tras los dos tipos de cirugía no mostraron diferencias significativas (p = 0,693). Tampoco hubo diferencias en los parámetros del síndrome metabólico postoperatorio ni en las tasas de complicaciones al mes del tratamiento (p = 0,866).

Conclusiones

Nuestros datos sugieren que la gastrectomía vertical proporciona una respuesta metabólica y de peso similar al bypass gástrico en Y de Roux en pacientes con IMC y características del síndrome metabólico similares.

Palabras clave:
Cirugía bariátrica
Pérdida de peso
Síndrome metabólico
Complicaciones postoperatorias
Bypass gástrico en Y de Roux
Gastrectomía vertical
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