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Vol. 69. Núm. 2.
Páginas 118-120 (Febrero 2001)
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Vol. 69. Núm. 2.
Páginas 118-120 (Febrero 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
¿Ha disminuido la incidencia de la úlcera péptica perforada en la última década?
Has the Incidence of Perforated Peptic Ulcer Decreased in the Last Decade?
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F. Sánchez-Bueno1,*, P. Marín**, J.L. Aguayo***, R. Robles*, A. Piñero**, P. Parrilla****
* Catedrático de Cirugía.
** FEA de Cirugía.
*** Jefe del Servicio de Cirugía. Hospital Morales Meseguer. Murcia.
**** Catedrático de Cirugía y Jefe del Departamento de Cirugía. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia.
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Estadísticas
Resumen
Introducción

La utilización terapéutica de nuevos fármacos inhibidores de la secreción gástrica y la terapia antimicrobiana de Helicobacter pylori ha creado controversia sobre la incidencia actual de la úlcera péptica perforada (UPGD). El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la incidencia en los últimos 12 años de la perforación ulcerosa en nuestra área sanitaria y la influencia de los nuevos tratamientos médicos.

Material y métodos

Nuestra serie incluye a 246 pacientes intervenidos por úlcera péptica perforada durante 12 años (enero de 1987 y diciembre de 1998) en nuestra área sanitaria. La edad media fue de 55,2 ± 18,1 años (rango, 16-93), con predominio masculino (199/246; 80,9%). La úlcera se localizó fundamentalmente en el píloro (48,3%) y en el bulbo duodenal (39,1%) y la técnica quirúrgica más utilizada fue la vagotomía troncular bilateral asociada a piloroplastia (85,3%).

Resultados

Durante el período 1987-1992 fueron operados 152 pacientes, mientras que entre 1993 y 1998 fueron intervenidos 94 pacientes, lo que supone una diferencia con significación estadística (p < 0,001). Asimismo, si dividimos el estudio en cuatro períodos de 3 años (1987-1989, 1990-1992, 1993-1995, 1996-1998) observamos que en los dos primeros períodos hubo 74 y 78 UPGD perforadas sin diferencias estadísticas entre sí, frente a los dos últimos períodos, que presentaron 48 y 46 casos, sin diferencias entre sí, pero con significación estadística entre los dos primeros respecto a los dos últimos períodos (p < 0,01).

Conclusiones

La incidencia de UPGD perforada se ha reducido a la mitad en los últimos 6 años debido fundamentalmente a la utilización de fármacos inhibidores de la bomba de protones.

Palabras clave:
Úlcera péptica
Perforación
Incidencia
Introduction

The therapeutic use of new antisecretory drugs and antibiotic therapy for Helicobacter pylori has created controversy over the actual incidence of perforated peptic ulcer. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of perforated ulcers in our health district in the previous 12 months and to assess the influence of new medical treatments.

Patients and methods

Our series included 246 patients who underwent surgery for perforated peptic ulcer during a 12-year period (January 1987 to December 1998) in our health district. Mean age was 55.2 ± 18.1 years (range: 16-93). One hundred ninety-nine patients (80.9%) were males. The ulcers were mainly located in the pylorus (48.3%) and in the duodenal bulb (39.1%). The most common surgical technique was bilateral truncal vagotomy associated with pyloroplasty (85.3%).

Results

Between 1987 and 1992 152 patients underwent surgery while between 1993 and 1998 this figure was 94, which represents a statistically significant difference of (p < 0.001). Likewise, dividing the study period into 4 periods of 3 years each (1987-1989, 1990-1992, 1993-1995, 1996-1998) revealed that in the first two periods there were 74 and 78 cases of perforated peptic ulcer, respectively compared with the two later periods in which there were 48 and 46 cases, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the two earlier or between the two later periods but differences were significant when the first two periods were compared with the two later ones (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The incidence of perforated ulcer has halved in the last 6 years, mainly due to the use of proton pump inhibitors.

Key words:
Peptic ulcer
Perforation
Incidence
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Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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