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Vol. 55. Issue 4.
Pages 230-235 (October - December 2022)
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Vol. 55. Issue 4.
Pages 230-235 (October - December 2022)
Original article
Opportunistic infections as a cause of death in patients with autoimmune diseases: An autopsy-based study
Infecciones oportunistas como causa de muerte en pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes: estudio basado en autopsias
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Marta Juliana Mantillaa, Juan José Chavesb, Rafael Parra-Medinab, Julio Cesar Mantillac,
Corresponding author
jcmlaboratorio@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Rheumatology Fellow, University of La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
b Department of Pathology, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Hospital San José, Bogotá, Colombia
c Department of Pathology, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Hospital Universitario de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Abstract
Background

Infections are an important cause of mortality in patients with autoimmune diseases and opportunistic infections account for a large percentage of these cases. It is often a clinical challenge to find a balance between immunosuppressive therapy and the risk of developing an infectious process.

Methods

A retrospective, descriptive study of autopsy reports.

Results

15 patients with a premortem diagnosis of autoimmune disease were included. All patients died due to an opportunistic infection. The most commonly reported infection was tuberculosis, followed by invasive fungal infections.

Conclusions

The most prevalent pathogens were found in our autopsy-based study of patients with autoimmune diseases and opportunistic infections. Prevention and early detection strategies are vital in order to reach a correct diagnosis and begin the appropriate treatment as soon as possible.

Keywords:
Opportunistic infections
Autoimmune disease
Autopsy
Colombia
Resumen
Antecedentes

Las infecciones son una causa importante de mortalidad en pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes. Las infecciones oportunistas engloban un gran porcentaje de estos casos. Encontrar un equilibrio entre la terapia inmunosupresora y el riesgo de desarrollar procesos infecciosos normalmente constituye un desafío clínico.

Métodos

Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de informes de autopsias.

Resultados

Se incluyó a 15 pacientes con diagnóstico pre mortem de enfermedad autoinmune. Todos los pacientes fallecieron debido a infecciones oportunistas. La infección más frecuentemente reportada fue la tuberculosis, seguida de infecciones fúngicas invasivas.

Conclusiones

En este estudio basado en autopsias, realizado en pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes e infecciones oportunistas, se recogieron los patógenos más prevalentes. Es clave establecer estrategias de prevención y detección temprana en estos grupos de pacientes para realizar un diagnóstico precoz e introducir con prontitud el tratamiento adecuado.

Palabras clave:
Infecciones oportunistas
Enfermedad autoinmune
Autopsia
Colombia

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