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Vol. 32. Issue 1.
Pages 40-42 (January - February 2013)
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Vol. 32. Issue 1.
Pages 40-42 (January - February 2013)
Clinical note
Spastic coronary artery. Correlation of the myocardium at risk in the functional and anatomic study with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and coronary angiography
Arteria coronaria espástica. Correlación del miocardio en riesgo en el estudio funcional y anatómico con gammagrafía de perfusión miocárdica y coronariografía
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M. Mutuberria-Urdániz
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mutuber@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, M.N. Pizzi, S. Aguadé-Bruix, J. Candell-Riera, I. Otaegui-Irurueta
Unidad de Cardiología Nuclear, Hospital Universitari Vall d¿Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract

A 52-year-old patient, with symptoms of angina in the last month, was referred to undergo a SPECT myocardial perfusion. At an early stage of the exercise test, he showed electrical changes suggestive of inferior ischemia and the scintigraphy images showed intense and extensive inferolateral hypoperfusion during the stress, with complete reversibility at rest. Coronary angiography showed a right coronary artery without obstructive lesions. An endothelial dysfunction test with acetylcholine provoked diffuse spasm of the artery, which retrograded completely with intravenous nitroglycerin.

An acute coronary syndrome may have causes other than obstructive lesions in epicardial arteries that induce myocardium at risk. The ischemic tissue can be identified by imaging techniques which guides the invasive studies to recognize dysfunctional coronary arteries.

Keywords:
Ischemic heart disease
Acetylcholine test
Coronary artery spasm
Single photon emission computed tomography
Coronary angiography
Resumen

Paciente de 52 años, con clínica anginosa de un mes de evolución, derivado para un SPECT de perfusión miocárdica. En un estadio precoz de la ergometría presentó cambios eléctricos sugestivos de isquemia inferior y las imágenes gammagráficas mostraron intensa y extensa hipoperfusión infero-lateral en el esfuerzo, con reversibilidad total en el reposo. El cateterismo cardiaco evidenció una arteria coronaria derecha sin lesiones estenóticas, y un test de disfunción endotelial con acetilcolina provocó un espasmo difuso de la arteria, que retrogradó totalmente con la administración de nitroglicerina intravenosa.

Se puede producir un síndrome coronario agudo por causas diferentes a lesiones obstructivas en arterias epicárdicas, que inducen miocardio en riesgo. El tejido isquémico se puede identificar con técnicas de imagen, que guían de esta forma el estudio invasivo para reconocer arterias coronarias con alteración funcional.

Palabras clave:
Cardipatia isquémica
Test acetilcolina
Espasmo de arterias coronarias
Tomografía computarizada por emisión de fotones simples
Cateterismo cardiaco

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