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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Novel heterogeneity method for predicting survival in non-metastatic triple-nega...
Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
Vol. 44. Issue 5.
(September - October 2025)
Original Article
Novel heterogeneity method for predicting survival in non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Nuevo método de heterogeneidad para predecir la supervivencia en el cáncer de mama triple negativo no metastásico
G.B. Babacana,f,
Corresponding author
gunduzalp.babacan@saglik.gov.tr

Corresponding author.
, M. Öner Tamama, S. Saraçoğlub, M.N. Acar Tayyara, M.C. Şahina, H. Özçevikc, G. Kuldukd, Ö.B. Ekincie, E. Çelike
a Department of Nuclear Medicine, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
b Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Van Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Van, Turkey
c Department of Nuclear Medicine, Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura City Hospital, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
d Department of Pathology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
e Department of Medical Oncology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
f Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Şırrnak State Hospital, Şırnak, Turkey
Article information
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Histopathological descriptive data.
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Table 2. Receiver operating characteristics curve results on overall survival for heterogeneity indices.
Tables
Table 3. Summary statistics for 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters, normality distributions and Univariate Cox regression analysis on PFS.
Tables
Table 4. Comparison of ROC Curves of Conventional Parameters and Heterogeneity Indices on Overall Survival.
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Table 5. The Relationship of Conventional PET Variables with Pathological N Stage and Survival.
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Abstract
Objective

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between semiquantitative positron emission tomography (PET) parameters and intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) imaging and survival data of non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients.

Methods

Sixty-two consecutive female patients who underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT with non-metastatic TNBC were enrolled. Heterogeneity index (HI) variables derived from the metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and standardized uptake value (SUV) parameters of primary lesions were evaluated. A novel modified method introducing a percentage-based (30–40–50%) MTV slope comparison was proposed. The association between conventional 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters, HI values, and survival results was analyzed retrospectively.

Results

Tumors with higher HI values were associated with shorter survival times. For overall survival (OS), HI2 and HI3 were statistically significant (p=0.009, p=0.016). Regarding radiological progression-free survival (rPFS), HI1 and HI3 were statistically significant (p=0.01, p=0.025). A significant weak correlation between HI1 (p=0.005, ρ=0.34) and a strong correlation was found for HI2 (p<0.0001, ρ=0.89), HI3 and tumor size were not statistically significantly correlated (p=0.063, ρ=0.23). T stage was statistically significantly associated with rPFS and OS ((p=0.038, p=0.003). In contrast, no statistically significant difference was found for the N stage, anatomical, and clinical staging (p>0.05).

Conclusion

This study concluded that ITH predicts survival for non-metastatic TNBC patients. This conclusion was reached with the heterogeneity index variables obtained by different methods. However, our results revealed that HI2 depends on tumor size. Our modified method (HI3) predicts survival independently of tumor size.

Keywords:
Triple-negative breast cancer
18F-FDG PET/CT
Metabolic tumor volume
Heterogeneity index
Survival
Resumen
Objectivos

Este estudio investigó la relación entre los parámetros semicuantitativos de tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) y la heterogeneidad intratumoral (HIT) en imágenes de 18F-fluorodesoxiglucosa (18F-FDG PET/TC) y los datos de supervivencia de pacientes con cáncer de mama triple negativo (CMTN) no metastásico.

Métodos

Se incluyeron 62 pacientes con CMTN no metastásico que se sometieron a una18F-FDG PET/TC antes del tratamiento. Se evaluaron las variables del índice de heterogeneidad (HI), derivadas del volumen tumoral metabólico (MTV) y los parámetros de valor de captación estandarizada (SUV) de las lesiones primarias. Se propuso un método modificado que introduce comparación de pendiente del MTV basada en porcentajes (30–40–50%). Se analizó retrospectivamente la asociación entre los parámetros convencionales de 18F-FDG PET/TC, los valores de HI y los resultados de supervivencia. Resultados: Los valores altos de HI se asociaron con menor supervivencia. HI2 y HI3 fueron significativos para la supervivencia global (OS) (p=0.009, p=0.016). Para la supervivencia libre de progresión radiológica (rPFS), HI1 y HI3 fueron significativos (p=0.01, p=0.025). HI1 mostró una correlación débil significativa (p=0.005, rho=0.34) y HI2 una fuerte correlación (p<0.0001, rho=0.89) con el tamaño tumoral, mientras que HI3 no fue significativo (p=0.063, rho=0.23). El estadio T se asoció con OS y rPFS (p=0.038, p=0.003). No se encontraron diferencias significativas para el estadio N ni la estadificación anatómica o clínica (p>0.05).

Conclusión

La HIT predice la supervivencia en CMTN no metastásico. Aunque HI2 depende del tamaño tumoral, el método HI3 predice la supervivencia independientemente de este, ofreciendo un enfoque más preciso.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de mama triple negative
18F-FDG PET/TC
Volumen metabólico tumoral
Índice de heterogeneidad
Supervivencia

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