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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 115-117 (March - April 2016)
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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 115-117 (March - April 2016)
Clinical note
Diagnosis by 18F-FDG PET/CT of infective endocarditis, staging and monitoring of antibiotic treatment after transposition of surgically corrected great arteries
Diagnóstico mediante 18F-FDG PET/TC de endocarditis infecciosa, estadificación y monitorización de tratamiento antibiótico tras transposición de grandes vasos corregida quirúrgicamente
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J.R. Garcíaa,
Corresponding author
jrgarcia@cetir.es

Corresponding author.
, C. Fortunyb, L. Riazac, M. Solera, P. Bassaa, E. Rieraa
a CETIR Unitat PET, Spain
b Servicio Pediatría, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio Radiología, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract

Infective endocarditis is one of the leading causes of fever of unknown origin in those patients with intravascular catheters, prosthetic valves or cardiovascular implantable electronic devices. The diagnosis of infective endocarditis is made according to modified Duke criteria, which are based on blood culture and echocardiographic findings. Demonstration of vegetation with the transoesophageal echocardiography may be difficult in these cases with previous anatomical changes, especially in early phases.

Positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG PET/CT) is well known to show an increased glucidic metabolism in malignant, inflammatory, and infectious processes. Thus, it provides useful functional imaging that enables the disease causing the fever of unknown origin to be detected well before structural changes are evident. Moreover, 18F-FDG PET/CT helps to detect infectious extra-cardiac involvement, since the whole body is imaged with this technique.

18F-FDG PET/CT may have an additional promising role for the monitoring of response to antimicrobial therapy in patients with established infective endocarditis, thus evaluating standard treatment outcome, as well as evaluating the need for alternative/intensified treatment options.

Keywords:
Infective endocarditis
Positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose
Transposition of great arteries
Resumen

La endocarditis infecciosa es una de las principales causas de síndrome febril de origen desconocido en pacientes portadores de catéter, marcapasos y dispositivos intravasculares. El diagnóstico se realiza siguiendo los criterios modificados de Duke, basados en el hemocultivo y la ecocardiografía. La identificación de vegetaciones mediante ecocardiografía transesofágica puede ser difícil ante cambios anatómicos previos, especialmente en fases precoces.

La tomografía por emisión de positrones con 18Fluorodesoxiglucosa (18F-FDG PET/TC) muestra actividad glucídica aumentada en procesos tumorales, inflamatorios e infecciosos, información funcional que permite la detección de la enfermedad causante del síndrome febril de origen desconocido antes de que aparezcan los cambios estructurales. Una ventaja adicional es la posibilidad de detectar enfermedad infecciosa extracardiaca, dado que es una exploración de cuerpo completo.

Un papel prometedor de la 18F-FDG PET/TC es la monitorización de la terapia antimicrobiana en los pacientes diagnosticados de endocarditis infecciosa, valorando la eficacia al finalizar el tratamiento estándar y condicionando una intensificación terapéutica.

Palabras clave:
Endocarditis infecciosa
Tomografía por emisión de positrones con 18Fluorodesoxiglucosa
Transposición grandes vasos

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