Review article
Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy effectiveness in low back pain: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Renato Andradea,b,c, Hugo Duarted, Rogério Pereirae,b,c, Isabel Lopesf,b, Hélder Pereirag,h,i,j,c, Rui Rochak,b, João Espregueira-Mendesb,c,h,i,l,
Corresponding author
a Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
b Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
c Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal
d Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
e Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
f Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Centro Hospitalar São João EPE, Porto, Portugal
g Orthopaedic Department, Centro Hospitalar Póvoa de Varzim, Vila do Conde, Portugal
h 3B's Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
i ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
j Ripoll y De Prado Sports Clinic FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Murcia-Madrid, Spain
k Orthopaedic Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal
l Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Minho, Portugal
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