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Enfermería Intensiva (English Edition) Relationship between perceived stress, perceived social support, and family sati...
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Vol. 37. Issue 1.
(January - March 2026)
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Vol. 37. Issue 1.
(January - March 2026)
Original article

Relationship between perceived stress, perceived social support, and family satisfaction among relatives of adult critical patients

Relación entre estrés percibido, apoyo social percibido y satisfacción familiar en familiares de una unidad de cuidados intensivos adulto
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Valentina Nilo-González, Noelia Rojas-Silva, Cristóbal Padilla-Fortunatti
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cfpadill@uc.cl

Corresponding author.
Escuela de Enfermería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Abstract
Introduction

In intensive care units (ICU), stress experienced by family members can negatively impact their family satisfaction. The literature describes social support as a stress neutralizer. However, evidence regarding the influence of stress and social support on family satisfaction in ICU is limited.

Objective

To explore the relationship between perceived stress, social support, and family satisfaction in family members of ICU patients.

Methods

Descriptive correlational study conducted in an ICU of a private hospital in Santiago, Chile. Family members of patients with a stay of ≥48 hours were included. Family participants completed three questionnaires to assess perceived stress, perceived social support, and family satisfaction. Sociodemographic and clinical data were also collected from the patients. The association between perceived stress, perceived social support, and family satisfaction was explored using Spearman's rho correlations.

Results

Fifty family members were included, 70 % of whom were women. Perceived stress was negatively associated with family satisfaction (r = −0.41, p < 0.05), satisfaction with patient and family care (r = −0.39, p < 0.01), and satisfaction with communication (r = −0.34, p = 0.02), while with satisfaction with decision making, the association was not significant (p > 0.05). No significant association was observed between social support and family satisfaction (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Findings of this study add to the evidence on the negative impact of stress on family satisfaction and its dimensions in family members of ICU patients. Further studies are needed to explore the role of social support in family members of ICU patients and its possible influence on family satisfaction.

Keywords:
Relatives
Intensive care unit
Family satisfaction
Perceived stress
Social support
Nursing
Resumen
Introducción

En las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI), el estrés experimentado por los familiares del paciente puede impactar negativamente en la satisfacción familiar. La literatura describe al apoyo social como un neutralizador del estrés. No obstante, la evidencia respecto de la influencia del estrés y el apoyo social sobre la satisfacción familiar en UCI es limitada.

Objetivo

Explorar la relación entre el estrés percibido, el apoyo social y la satisfacción familiar en familiares de pacientes de UCI.

Métodos

Estudio descriptivo correlacional realizado en la UCI de un hospital privado en Santiago, Chile. Se incluyeron familiares de pacientes con una estadía ≥48 horas. Los familiares participantes completaron tres cuestionarios para evaluar estrés percibido, apoyo social percibido y satisfacción familiar. Se recolectaron también datos sociodemográficos y clínicos de los pacientes. La asociación entre el estrés percibido, el apoyo social percibido y la satisfacción familiar se exploró mediante la correlación rho de Spearman.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 50 familiares, de los cuales el 70% fueron mujeres. El estrés percibido se asoció negativamente con la satisfacción familiar (r = −0,41, p<0,05), la satisfacción con el cuidado del paciente y la familia (r = −0,39, p < 0,01) y la satisfacción con la comunicación (r = −0,34, p = 0,02), mientras que la satisfacción con la toma de decisiones la asociación no fue significativa (p > 0,05). No se observó una asociación significativa entre apoyo social y satisfacción familiar (p > 0,05).

Conclusiones

Los hallazgos de este estudio aumentan la evidencia sobre el impacto negativo del estrés en la satisfacción familiar y sus dimensiones en familiares de pacientes de UCI. Se requieren de estudios adicionales para explorar el rol del apoyo social en familiares de pacientes de UCI y su posible influencia sobre la satisfacción familiar.

Palabras clave:
Familiares
Unidad de cuidados intensivos
Satisfacción familiar
Estrés percibido
Apoyo social
Enfermería

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