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Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition) Analysis of device survival and predictive factors of failure in a cohort of pat...
Journal Information
Vol. 49. Issue 6.
(July - August 2025)
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3
Vol. 49. Issue 6.
(July - August 2025)
Original article
Analysis of device survival and predictive factors of failure in a cohort of patients with male artificial urinary sphincter
Análisis de la supervivencia del dispositivo y los factores predictivos de la misma en una cohorte de pacientes intervenidos de esfínter urinario artificial masculino
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C. Mínguez Ojeda, A. Artiles Medina
Corresponding author
alberc.artiles@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, A. Fraile Poblador, Á. Sánchez González, J.D. Subiela Henríquez, J. Brasero Burgos, I. de la Parra Sánchez, D. López Curtis, P. del Olmo Durán, A. Fernández-Mardomingo Díaz, M.A. Jiménez Cidre, V. Gómez Dos Santos, F.J. Burgos Revilla
Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (7)
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the patients.
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Table 2. Surgical characteristics of the patients.
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Table 3. Follow-up.
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Table 4. Postoperative complications.
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Table 5. Univariate analysis of overall survival of the urinary sphincter.
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Table 6. Predictors of overall survival and survival at 2 and 5 years.
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Table 7. Other studies in the literature.
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Abstract
Introduction

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) affects between 2.5% and 40% of patients after radical prostatectomy. Although the implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) offers continence rates of 70%–80%, its failure rate reaches 25% in some series. This single-center retrospective study analyzed the survival of AUS and the factors associated with its failure.

Materials and methods

A total of 145 patients treated with the AMS 800 device (Boston Scientific®) between 2010 and 2023 were included. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate device survival and identify predictive factors for failure.

Results

The mean age was 68.6 years; 28% of patients were smokers, 43.7% had diabetes, and 26.2% had undergone prior radiation therapy. Radical prostatectomy was the main cause of SUI (86.9%). In the majority of cases (91.5%), the artificial urinary sphincter was implanted around the bulbar urethra. During follow-up, 25.5% of patients required revision surgery. The probability of functional sphincter survival was 89% at 1 year, 78% at 2 years, 64% at 5 years, and 51% at 10 years. On multivariate analysis, prior radiation therapy [HR 2.06; P = .029] and diabetes [HR 2.24; P = .04] were associated with poorer device survival.

Conclusions

The AUS is an effective and safe treatment for severe SUI, although radiotherapy and diabetes may adversely affect its durability.

Keywords:
Incontinence
Prostatectomy
Radiotherapy
Artificial urinary sphincter
Diabetes
Resumen
Introducción

La incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) afecta entre al 2.5% y al 40% de los pacientes tras prostatectomía radical. Aunque el esfínter urinario artificial (EUA) ofrece tasas de continencia del 70%–80%, su tasa de fallo alcanza el 25% en algunas series. Este estudio retrospectivo unicéntrico analizó la supervivencia del EUA y los factores asociados con su fallo.

Material y métodos

Se incluyeron 145 pacientes tratados con el dispositivo AMS 800 (Boston Scientific®) entre 2010 y 2023. Se emplearon análisis de Kaplan-Meier y el modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para evaluar la supervivencia del dispositivo y sus factores predictivos.

Resultados

La edad media fue de 68.6 años; el 28% eran fumadores, el 43.7% tenían diabetes y el 26.2% habían recibido radioterapia previa. La prostatectomía radical fue la principal causa de IUE (86.9%). La mayoría de los dispositivos (91.5%) se colocaron en posición bulbar. Durante el seguimiento, el 25.5% requirió revisión quirúrgica. La probabilidad de funcionamiento del esfínter fue del 89% al año, 78% a los 2 años, 64% a los 5 años y 51% a los 10 años. En el análisis multivariante, la radioterapia previa [HR 2.06; P = .029] y la diabetes [HR 2.24; P = .04] se asociaron con una menor supervivencia del dispositivo.

Conclusiones

El EUA es un tratamiento eficaz y seguro para la IUE severa, aunque la radioterapia y la diabetes pueden afectar negativamente su durabilidad.

Palabras clave:
Incontinencia
Prostatectomía
Radioterapia
Esfínter urinario artificial
Diabetes

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