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Vol. 9. Núm. 4.
Páginas 462-473 (Octubre - Diciembre 2012)
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4712
Vol. 9. Núm. 4.
Páginas 462-473 (Octubre - Diciembre 2012)
Open Access
Detección de obstáculos y espacios transitables en entornos urbanos para sistemas de ayuda a la conducción basados en algoritmos de visión estéreo implementados en GPU
Obstacle detection and free spaces in urban environments for advanced driver assistance systems based on stereo vision algorithms implemented in GPU
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B. Musleh
Autor para correspondencia
bmusleh@ing.uc3m.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, A. de la Escalera, J.M. Armingol
Laboratorio de Sistemas Inteligentes del Departamento de Sistemas y Automática, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, C/Butarque, 15, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, España
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Tanto los sistemas avanzados de ayuda a la conducción (ADAS) aplicados a la mejora de la seguridad vial, como los sistemas de navegación autónoma de vehículos, demandan sensores y algoritmos cada vez más complejos, capaces de obtener e interpretar información del entorno vial. En concreto, las mayores dificultades surgen a la hora de analizar la información proveniente de los entornos urbanos, debido a la diversidad de elementos con distintas características que existen en áreas urbanas. Estos sistemas requieren, cada vez más, que la interpretación de la información se realice en tiempo real para mejorar la toma de decisiones. Por otra parte, la visión estéreo es ampliamente utilizada en sistemas de modelado, dada la gran cantidad de información que proporciona, pero al mismo tiempo, los algoritmos basados en esta técnica requieren de un elevado tiempo de cómputo que dificulta su implementación en aplicaciones de tiempo real. En este trabajo se presenta un algoritmo basado en visión estéreo para la detección tanto de obstáculos como de espacios transitables en entornos urbanos y que ha sido implementado principalmente en GPU (Unidad de Procesamiento Gráfico) para reducir el tiempo de cómputo y conseguir un funcionamiento en tiempo real.

Palabras clave:
Visión por Computador
Vehículos Autónomos
Algoritmos de Detección
Sistemas de Tiempo Real
Abstract

Both advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) applied to the improvement of road safety, and autonomous navigation vehicle systems require more and more complex sensors and algorithms capable of obtaining and interpreting the information of the road environment. The greatest difficulties arise in analysing the information of the urban environments, because of the large number of elements which have different characteristics in urban areas. These systems require to interpret the information in real time to improve the decision-making. On the other hand, the stereo vision is usable in modeling systems because of the great amount of information that it provides, but at the same time, the algorithms based on this technique have a high computation time which makes difficult its implementation in real time applications. This paper presents an algorithm based on stereo vision for detecting obstacles and free spaces in urban environments and it has been implemented principally in GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) to reduce the computation time and achieving that it works in real time.

Keywords:
Computer Vision
Autonomous Vehicles
Detection Algorithms
Real time systems
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