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Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition) Behçet’s disease in pediatrics, a diagnostic challenge: Qualitative systemati...
Journal Information
Vol. 32. Issue 3.
Pages 267-275 (July - September 2025)
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369
Vol. 32. Issue 3.
Pages 267-275 (July - September 2025)
Review article
Behçet’s disease in pediatrics, a diagnostic challenge: Qualitative systematic review of the literature
Enfermedad de Behçet en pediatría, un reto diagnóstico: revisión sistemática cualitativa de la literature
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369
Nathalie Yepes Madrida,b,
Corresponding author
nathalieyepesmadrid@yahoo.com

Corresponding author.
, María del Pilar Gómez Morab,c, José Fernando Gómez Urregob,d
a Specialization in Pediatrics, Universidad Libre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Seccional Cali, Cali, Colombia
b Grupo de Investigación en Pediatría (Grinped), Cali, Colombia
c Early Arthritis Clinics, Fundación Clínica Infantil Club Noel, Cali, Colombia
d Clínica Infantil Club Noel, Postgraduate Program in Pediatrics, Universidad Libre, Seccional Cali, Cali, Colombia
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Table 1. International classification criteria for pediatric Behçet’s disease.
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Table 2. Recommended therapies for the main clinical manifestations of Behçet's disease.
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Abstract

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the oral and genital mucosa, skin and eyes. A qualitative systematic review of the literature is carried out in search of finding the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, spectrum of clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment approach and current Clinical Trials of Behçet's disease in the pediatric population. A bibliographic search was performed in PubMed without language or publication date restrictions. References of included articles were examined for additional relevant literature. The initial search yielded a total of 570 studies from PubMed, 1 from a website, 4 from the Colombian Ministry of Health and 4 from a review of bibliographic citations, of which 32 articles were included used for the present review, finding that the prevalence At a global level it is estimated around 10.3 per 100,000 inhabitants. BD is a vasculitis that affects vessels of all sizes including veins. It was recently reclassified as variable type vasculitis. Other frequent clinical manifestations are joint, skin and digestive manifestations. Although its etiopathogenesis is not clear, in recent years it has been considered a multicausal autoinflammatory entity. Its diagnosis is mainly clinical. Management should be individualized based on the manifestations of the disease given the clinical variability. Multicenter, placebo-controlled, standardized studies that involve large series of patients, use clinical scores, and have long-term follow-up are needed to better understand the nature of this disease.

Keywords:
Behçet’s disease
Pediatrics
Autoinflammatory diseases
Aphthous
Resumen

La enfermedad de Behçet (EB) es una enfermedad inflamatoria sistémica que afecta principalmente a la mucosa oral y genital, la piel y los ojos. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática cualitativa de la literatura en búsqueda de encontrar la epidemiología, la etiopatogenia, el espectro de manifestaciones clínicas, el diagnóstico, el enfoque de tratamiento y los clinical trials actuales de esta enfermedad en la población pediátrica. Se hizo una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed sin restricción de idioma ni fecha de publicación. Se examinaron las referencias de los artículos incluidos en busca de literatura relevante adicional. La búsqueda inicial arrojó un total de 570 estudios provenientes de PubMed, uno de página web, cuatro del Ministerio de Salud colombiano y cuatro de revisión de citas bibliográficas, de los cuales se incluyeron 32 artículos utilizados para la presente revisión, y se encontró que la prevalencia a nivel global se calcula en alrededor de 10,3 por 100 000 habitantes. La EB es una vasculitis que afecta a los vasos de todos los tamaños, incluyendo las venas. Se reclasificó recientemente como vasculitis de tipo variable. Otras manifestaciones clínicas frecuentes son las articulares, las cutáneas y las digestivas. Aunque su etiopatogenia no es clara, en los últimos años se ha considerado que se trata de una entidad autoinflamatoria multicausal. Su diagnóstico es principalmente clínico. El manejo debe individualizarse en función de las manifestaciones de la enfermedad, dada la variabilidad clínica. Se necesitan estudios multicéntricos, controlados con placebo y estandarizados que involucren grandes series de pacientes, utilicen puntuaciones clínicas y tengan un seguimiento a largo plazo para comprender mejor la naturaleza de esta enfermedad.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Behçet
Pediatría
Enfermedades autoinflamatorias
Aftas

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