Aproximación crítica a los trastornos somatomorfos en niños

Información del artículo

Resumen

Los trastornos somatomorfos tienen en común manifestaciones somáticas que no tienen explicación médica y que pueden producir una alteración de la vida diaria. En niños, existen dificultades de evaluación por el reporte u observación de síntomas debido a su edad, a la influencia parental y a los factores asociados. El objetivo de este trabajo es reconocer las dificultades diagnósticas y las herramientas clínicas que permitan la aproximación a los trastornos somatomorfos en niños. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la información publicada en los últimos diez años sobre el tema. La evolución histórica del concepto de somatización ha generado dificultades en su abordaje. Algunas signos pueden hacer sospechar un trastorno somatomorfo; sin embargo, existen muy pocas herramientas de evaluación en niños. Actualmente, dichas herramientas se basan solamente en listas de síntomas y no responden por completo a todos los interrogantes. Los trastornos somatomorfos o síntomas somáticos en niños son un campo con un vacío aún por llenar.

Palabras clave:

Trastorno somatomorfo

pediatría

diagnóstico

Abstract

Somatomorphic disorders have common somatic manifestations without medical explanation, that can affect daily life. There are evaluation difficulties regarding symptom report or observation in children due to their age, parental influence and associated factors. The aim of this work is to acknowledge diagnosis difficulties and clinic tools to approach somatomorphic disorders in children. A systematic search in the information published for the last ten years was carried out. Historical evolution of the concept of somatization has generated difficulties to approach this issue. Some signs could indicate a somatomorphic disorder; however, there are very little evaluating tools for children. Currently, said tools are only based on lists of symptoms without fully answering to all questions. Somatomorphic disorders or somatic symptoms in children are still a gap to be closed.

Key words:

Somatoform disorders

pediatrics

diagnosis

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