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Inicio Revista Clínica de Periodoncia, Implantología y Rehabilitación Oral Inmunodetección de metaloproteinasas de matriz extracelular (MMPs)-2, -9, -13 y...
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Vol. 4. Núm. 1.
Páginas 17-21 (abril 2011)
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Vol. 4. Núm. 1.
Páginas 17-21 (abril 2011)
Open Access
Inmunodetección de metaloproteinasas de matriz extracelular (MMPs)-2, -9, -13 y -14 en lesiones apicales asociadas con periodontitis apical asintomática
Immunodetection of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2, -9, -13 and -14 in periapical lesions associated with asymptomatic apical periodontitis
Visitas
1974
V. Mundi Burgos1,5, A. Dezerega Piwonka2,5, C. Osorio Alfaro1,5, N. Dutzan Muñoz3,5, M.E. Franco Martínez4, A.V. Ortega Pinto4, M. Hernández Ríos4,5,
Autor para correspondencia
mhernandezrios@gmail.com

Correspondencia autor: Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal, Departamento de Odontología Conservadora, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile.
1 Programa de Magíster en Ciencias Odontológicas. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile
2 Área de Endodoncia, Departamento de Odontología Conservadora. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile
3 Área de Periodoncia, Departamento de Odontología Conservadora. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile
4 Área de Patología, Departamento de Patología. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile
5 Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile. Chile
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Resumen

La periodontitis apical asintomática (PAa) es una patología infecciosa caracterizada por destrucción ósea perirradicular asociada a un proceso inflamatorio crónico y producción de mediadores inflamatorios, entre los cuales se encuentran las metaloproteinasas de matriz extracelular (MMPs). Entre éstas, las MMPs-13, -14, -2 y -9, son producidas por el tejido óseo y degradan sinérgicamente el colágeno tipo I, principal componente de los tejidos periodontales, y gelatina, producto de la degradación y desnaturación del colágeno. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el patrón de expresión de las MMPs-2, -9, -13 y -14 en granulomas periapicales (GPAs), quistes radiculares inflamatorios (QRIs) y ligamento periodontal sano (LS).

Materiales y Métodos

Se seleccionaron 12 pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de PAa e indicación de exodoncia a partir de los cuales se obtuvieron biopsias de lesiones periapicales (LPAs). Como controles, se seleccionaron 7 individuos con indicación de exodoncia de premolares por ortodoncia, obteniéndose biopsias de LS. Se efectuó el diagnóstico anátomo-patológico de los especímenes y se caracterizó la expresión de las MMPs en estudio mediante inmunohistoquímica.

Resultados

Las MMPs en estudio sólo se detectaron en GPAs y QRIs, y se inmunolocalizaron principalmente en el infiltrado inflamatorio de éstos. Adicionalmente, la MMP-2 se identificó en fibroblastos del tejido conectivo.

Conclusiones

MMPs-2, -9, -13 y -14 se expresan predominantemente en el infiltrado inflamatorio de las LPAs y no en LS, y por tanto se sugiere la participación de estos mediadores en la patogénesis de la PAa.

Palabras clave:
Periodontitis apical asintomática
lesiones periapicales
metaloproteinasas de matriz extracelular
Abstract

Asymptomatic apical periodontitis (aAP) is an infectious disease characterized by perirradicular bone destruction associated with chronic inflammation and release of inflammatory mediators, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMPs-13, -14 and -2, -9 are bone-expressed enzymes that can synergistically degrade collagen I, the main component of periodontal extracellular matrix, and gelatin, the product of degradation and denaturation of collagen. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression pattern of MMPs-2, -9, -13, and -14 in periapical granulomas (PGs), radicular cysts (RCs) and healthy periodontal ligament (PDL).

Materials and Methods

Individuals with clinical diagnosis of aAP and indication of extraction were selected (N=12), and biopsies of periapical lesions (PLs) were obtained. For controls, 7 subjects with indication of premolar extraction for orthodontic reasons were selected, and PDL biopsies were obtained. Samples were diagnosed by anatomopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining was carried out to characterize MMPs expression.

Results

MMPs-2, -9, -13 and -14 detection was limited to PLs and were localized mainly to inflammatory infiltrate on both, PGs and RCs. Additionally, MMP-2 was immunolocalized to fibroblasts from the connective tissue.

Conclusions

Whereas MMPs-2, -9, -13 and -14 were not detected in healthy periodontal ligament, they were highly expressed on inflammatory infiltrate from PGs and RCs, suggesting a role of these mediators in aAP pathogenesis.

Key words:
Asymptomatic apical periodontitis
periapical lesions
extracellular matrix metalloproteinases
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