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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Low vaccine coverage and absence of exacerbations after vaccination in a Myasthe...
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Vol. 164. Issue 12.
(June 2025)
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Vol. 164. Issue 12.
(June 2025)
Brief report
Low vaccine coverage and absence of exacerbations after vaccination in a Myasthenia Gravis cohort: An observational retrospective series of 89 patients
Baja cobertura vacunal y ausencia de exacerbaciones tras la vacunación de una cohorte de miastenia gravis: una serie observacional retrospectiva de 89 pacientes
Cristina Carboneroa, Lourdes Mozob, Eva Fernández-Bretónc, Carolina Muletd, María Fernández-Pradae, Germán Morísa,f,g,
Corresponding author
morisgerman@uniovi.es

Corresponding author.
a Servcio de Neurología, HUCA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
b Servcio de Inmunología, HUCA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
c Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, HUCA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
d Bioestadística y Epidemiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
e Unidad de Vacunas, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Vital Álvarez Buylla Hospital, Mieres, Asturias, Spain
f Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
g Departmento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Clinical features of patients with early-onset and late-onset Myasthenia Gravis.
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Table 2. Vaccination of patients with early-onset and late-onset Myasthenia Gravis and p values from statistical analysis.
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Abstract
Introduction

This study aims to collect data on the vaccination status of Myasthenia Gravis (MG) patients, assess the coverage of vaccines, and examine MG exacerbations.

Methods

We conducted a retrospectively observational study including patients diagnosed with MG between 2015 and 2023 with antibodies against acetylcholine receptors.

Results

Eighty-nine patients were analysed. Forty-one (46.1%) were women. The median age at onset was 68 years. The median follow-up was 3.9 years. Sixteen (17.9%) patients had early-onset MG and 32 (36.0%) had ocular MG. Fifty-four (60.7%) patients received pneumococcal vaccines. Seventy-five (84.3%) patients received one dose of the seasonal influenza vaccine. Ten patients (76.9%) received hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination, and 33 (64.7%) received four doses of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine. One and six patients were classified as non-responders for HAV and HBV vaccines, respectively. Two patients were vaccinated with the live attenuated varicella-zoster virus vaccine. No differences were found between vaccination in early versus late-onset MG. No MG exacerbations were observed following vaccination.

Discussion

It is mandatory to establish recommendations for vaccination to ensure timely and appropriate immunisation.

Keywords:
Myasthenia Gravis
Vaccines
Immunosuppression therapy
Vaccination coverage
Relapse
Abbreviations:
AChR
COVID-19
EOMG
GMG
Hib
HAV
HBV
HPV
HZ
LOMG
MG
MGFA
MMR
OMG
PCV13
PPSV23
STROBE
Td
VZV
Resumen
Introducción

Este estudio recopila datos de vacunación en pacientes con miastenia gravis (MG), evalúa la cobertura de vacunas y examina posibles exacerbaciones.

Métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes diagnosticados entre 2015-2023 de MG por anticuerpos contra los receptores de acetilcolina.

Resultados

Se analizaron 89 pacientes; 41 (46,1%) eran mujeres. La mediana de edad fue de 68 años. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 3,9 años. Dieciséis (17,9%) pacientes tenían MG de inicio temprano y 32 (36,0%) MG ocular. Cincuenta y cuatro (60,7%) pacientes recibieron vacunas neumocócicas y 75 (84,3%) una dosis de la vacuna de la gripe. Diez pacientes (76,9%) recibieron la vacuna contra el virus de la hepatitis A (VHA) y 33 (64,7%) recibieron 4 dosis de la vacuna contra el virus de la hepatitis B (VHB). Uno y 6 pacientes fueron clasificados como no respondedores para las vacunas VHA y VHB, respectivamente. Dos pacientes fueron vacunados contra el virus varicela-zóster. No se encontraron diferencias en la vacunación entre MG de inicio temprano y tardío. No se observaron exacerbaciones de MG tras la vacunación.

Discusión

Es necesario establecer recomendaciones para la vacunación en la MG para asegurar una inmunización adecuada.

Palabras clave:
Miastenia gravis
Vacunas
Tratamiento inmunosupresor
Cobertura de vacunación
Recaída

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