Información del artículo
Resumen
Padecer un trastorno funcional digestivo (TFD) no es fácil. Muchos pacientes preferirían tener una enfermedad orgánica y un informe médico en el que se describiesen los resultados de alguna prueba concluyendo que se observa una lesión. Por tanto, es fundamental adquirir nuevos conocimientos sobre las causas y tratamientos de estas dolencias. El objetivo de este capítulo es resumir de la manera más fácil y útil posible los trabajos más relevantes sobre TFD y trastornos motores digestivos presentados en el Congreso de la Asociación Americana de Gastroenterología (DDW 2010).
Lo más destacable se refiere al estudio de los mecanismos patogénicos y búsqueda de nuevas terapias en trastornos muy prevalentes, como la dispepsia funcional, el síndrome del intestino irritable o el estreñimiento, pero también ha habido estudios interesantes en incontinencia, gastroparesia, síndrome de vómitos cíclicos o acalasia.
Cada vez está más claro que los TFD son de origen multifactorial y que tanto los factores genéticos como ambientales, psicológicos, microinflamatorios y neuroinmunoendocrinos forman parte de su complejo puzle. Cada año somos partícipes de los avances que se producen en el ámbito mundial con la esperanza de que repercutan en el bienestar de nuestros pacientes.
Palabras clave:
Trastornos funcionales digestivos
Dispepsia funcional
Síndrome del intestino irritable
Estreñimiento funcional
Incontinencia
Motilidad digestiva
Acalasia
Abstract
Functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are difficult to live with. Many patients would prefer to have an organic disease and a medical report stating the results of a test providing evidence of a lesion. Therefore, further knowledge of the causes and treatment of these disorders is essential. The present article aims to summarize as simply and usefully as possible the most important studies on functional and motor GI disorders presented at the Congress of the American Gastroenterological Association (Digestive Disease Week 2010).
The most notable presentations concerned the pathogenic mechanisms and search for new therapies in highly prevalent disorders such as functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome and constipation but interesting studies were also presented on incontinence, gastroparesis, cyclic vomiting syndrome and achalasia.
It is increasingly clear that functional GI disorders are caused by multiple factors and, therefore, that genetic, environment, psychological, microinflammatory and neuroimmune-endocrine factors form part of this complex puzzle. Each year, advances are made in distinct parts of the world, which will hopefully improve patient well-being.
Keywords:
Functional gastrointestinal disorders
Functional dyspepsia
Irritable bowel syndrome
Functional constipation
Incontinence
Gastrointestinal motility
Achalasia
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