Información del artículo
Resumen
Una de las complicaciones mâs temidas en la Artroplastia Total de Cadera es la infección de la prótesis.
Su abordaje terapéutico es complejo, controvertido y tiene un alto coste económico.
La prevención se presenta como fundamental y su diagnóstico constituye un reto para el cirujano ya que ninguna prueba tiene una sensibilidad o especificidad del 100%. El recambio protésico asociado a antibióticos es el tratamiento deseable aunque erradicar la infección en ocasiones es difîcil.
El objetivo de esta revisión bibliogrâfica es conocer las tendencias actuales en la prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta complicación.
Summary
One of the complications more feared in the Total Hip Arthroplasty is the infection of the prothesis.
Their therapeutic boarding is complex, controversial and it has a high economic cost.
The prevention is presented as fundamental and its diagnose it constitutes a challenge since for the surgeon any test has a sensibility or specificity of 100%.
The prosthetic replacement associated to antibiotics is the desirable treatment although to eradicate the infection in occasions is difficult.
The objective of this bibliographical revision is to know the current tendencies in the prevention, diagnostic and treatment of this complication.
Laburpen
Aldakako Artroplastia Osoaren konplikazio kezkagarriena protesiaren infekzioa da. Abordaje terapeutikoa korapilatsua eta eztabaldatua da, eta kostu ekonomiko handia du.
Prebentzioa funtsezkoa da eta diagnostikoa erronka handia da kirurgialariarentzat, ez baitago %100eko sentsibilitate edo espezifikotasunik duen probarik. Antibiotikoei lotuta dagoen aldaketa protesikoa da tratamendu egokiena, baina zenbaitetan, infekzioa desagerraraztea zaila izaten da.
Berrikuspen bibliografiko honen helburu nagusia gaur egun konplikazio honen prebentzioan, diagnostikoan eta tratamenduan dauden joerak ezagutzea da.
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
Aalto K., Osterman K., Peltola H., et al.
Changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein after total hip arthroplasty.
Clin Orthop, 184 (1984), pp. 118-120
[2.]
Adbul-Karim F.W., McGinnis M.G., Kraay M., et al.
Frozen Section Biopsy Assessment For The presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in patients undergoing revision of arthroplasties.
Mod Pathol., 11 (1998), pp. 427-431
[3.]
Ainscow D.A.P., Denham R.A..
The risk of haematogenous infection in total joint replacements.
J Bone Join Surg., 66 (1984), pp. 580-582
[4.]
Alexeeff M., Mahomed N., Morsi E., et al.
Structural allograft in two-stage revision for failed septic hip arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 78 (1996), pp. 213-216
[5.]
Allen D.M..
Orthopaedic Implant Infecitns. Current Management Strategies.
Ann Acad Med Singapore, 26 (1997), pp. 687-690
[6.]
Antii-Poika I., Santavirta S., Konttinen Y.T., et al.
Outcome of the infected hip arthoroplasty. A retrospective study of 36 patients.
Acta Orthop Scand, 60 (1989), pp. 670-675
[7.]
Ahlgren S.A., Gudmundsson G., Bartholdsson E..
Functin after removal of a septic total hip prosthesis. A survey of 27 Girdlestone hips.
Acta Orthop Scand, 51 (1980), pp. 541-545
[8.]
Atkins B.L., Athanasou N., Deeks J.J., et al.
Improved Detection Of Infection In Hip replacemnts. Prospectrive Evaluation Of Criteria For Microbiological diagnosis ofprosthetic-joint infection at revision arthroplasty. The OSIRIS Collaborative Study Group.
J Clin Microbiol, 36 (1998), pp. 2932-2939
[9.]
Barrack R.L., Harris W.H..
The value of aspiration of the hip joint before revision total hip arthropalsty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 75 (1993), pp. 66-76
[10.]
Beer K.J., Lombardi A.V., Mallory T.H., et al.
The efficacy of suction drains after routine total joint arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 73 (1991), pp. 584-587
[11.]
Benoni G., Fredin H.J..
Low-Or High-vacuum Drains In Hip arthroplasty? A randomized study of 73 patients.
Acta Orthop Scand, 68 (1997), pp. 133-137
[12.]
Berg M., Bergman B.R., Hoborn J..
Ultraviolet radiation compared to an ultra-clean air enclosure. Comparison of air bacteria counts in operating room.
J Bone Joint Surg., 73 (1991), pp. 258-815
[13.]
Berquist T.H., Bender C.E., Maus T.P., et al.
Pserudobursae. a useful finding in patients with paintfull hip arthroplasty.
Am J Radiology, 148 (1987), pp. 103-106
[14.]
Berry D.J., Chandler H.P., Reilly D.T..
The use of bone allografts in two-stage reconstruction.
J. Bone and Joint Surg., 73 (1991), pp. 1460-1468
[15.]
Böhn P., Baösche R..
Survival analysis of the Harris-Galante acetabular cup.
J Bone Joint Surg., 80 (1998), pp. 396-403
[16.]
Bourne R.B., Taylor G.J., Greeg P.J..
Air contamination during skin preparation and draping in joint replacement surgery.
J Bone Joint Surg., 78-B (1996), pp. 92-94
[18.]
Buchholz H.A., Elson R.A., Englebrecht E., et al.
Management of deep infection of total hip replacement J.
Bone and Joint Surg., 63-B (1981), pp. 342-353
[19.]
Busanelli L., Toni A., Sudanese A., et al.
Antibiotic and Antithromboembolic Prophylaxis In Hip arthroplasty (a review of 700 primary implants).
Chir Organi Mov, 82 (1997), pp. 165-176
[20.]
Callaghan J.J., Forest E.E., Olejniczak J.P., et al.
Charnley total hip arthroplasty in patients less than fifty years old. A twenty-five-year follow-up note.
J Bone Joint Surg., 80-A (1998), pp. 704-714
[21.]
Canner G.C., Steinberg M.E., Heppenstall R.B., et al.
The infected hip after total hip arthroplasty.
J. Bone and Joint Surg., 66-A (1984), pp. 1393-1399
[22.]
Capello W.N., Dntonio H.A., Feinberg J.R., et al.
Hydroxyapatite-coated total hip femoral components in patients less than fifty years old. Clinical and radiographic results after five to eight years of follow-up.
J Bone Joint Surg., 79-A (1997),
[23.]
Charney J., Effekhar N..
Postoperative infection in total prosthetic replacement arthroplasty of the hip joint. With special reference to the bacterial content of the air of the operting room.
British J Surgery, 56 (1969), pp. 641-649
[24.]
Cherney D.L., Amstutz H.C..
Total hip replacement in the previously septic hip.
J. bone and Joint Surg., 65-A (1983), pp. 1256
[25.]
Cheung A., Lachiewicz P.F., Renner J.B..
The Role Of Aspiration and Contrast-enhanced arth-rography in evaluating the uncemented hip arthroplasty.
AJR Am J Roentgenol, 168 (1997), pp. 1305-1309
[26.]
Chik K.K., Magee M.A., Bruce W.J., et al.
Tc-99m Stannous Colloid-labeled Leukocyte Scintigraphy In the evaluating the uncemented hip arthroplasty.
Clin Nucl Med., 21 (1996), pp. 838-843
[27.]
Chimento G.F., Finger S., Barrack R.L..
Gram stain detection of infection during revision arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 78-B (1996), pp. 838-839
[28.]
Chu C.C., Williambs D.F..
Effects of physical configuration and chemical structure of suture material on bacterial adhesions. a possible link to wound infection.
Am J Surg., 147 (1984), pp. 197-204
[29.]
Classen D.C., Evans R.S., Pestotnik S.L., et al.
The timing o fprophilactic administration of antibiotics and the risk of surgical-wound infection.
New England J Med, 326 (1992), pp. 281-286
[30.]
Clarke A.M., Mapstone N.P., Quirke P..
Molecular biology made easy. The polymerase chain reaction.
Histochem J., 24 (1992), pp. 913-926
[31.]
Colyer R.A., Capello W.N..
Surgical treatment of the infected hip implant. Two-stage reimplantation with a one month interval.
Clin Orthop, 298 (1994), pp. 75-79
[32.]
Cordero J., Munuera L., Folgueira M.D..
Influence of metal implants on infección. An experimental study in rabbits.
J Bone Joint Surg., 76-B (1994), pp. 717-720
[33.]
Costerton J.W., Lewandowsky Z., Caldwell D.E., et al.
Microbial biofilms.
Annu Rev Microbiol, 49 (1995), pp. 711-745
[34.]
Coventry M.B..
Treatment of infections occurring in total hip arthroplasty.
Orthop Clin North Am, 6 (1975), pp. 991-1003
[35.]
Covey D.C., Albright J.A..
Clinical significance of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in orthopedid surgery.
J Bone Joint Surg., 69-A (1987), pp. 148-151
[36.]
Crockarel J.R., Hansen A.D., Osmon D.R., et al.
Treatment of infection with debridement and retention of the components following arthropllasty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 80-A (1998), pp. 1306-1307
[37.]
Cruse P.J., Foord R..
A five-year prospective study of 23. 649 surgicals wounds.
Arch Surgery. 1973, 107 (1973), pp. 206-210
[38.]
Deshmukh R.G., Thevarajan K., Kok C.S., et al.
An Intramedullary Cement Spacer In Total hip arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty, 13 (1998), pp. 197-199
[39.]
Doyon F., Evrard J., Mazas F..
An assessment of published trials of antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery.
French J Orthop Surg, 3 (1989), pp. 49-53
[40.]
Drancourt M., Stein A., Arfenson J.N..
Oral rifampicin plus ofloxacin for treatment of Staphilococcus-infected orthopedic implants.
Antimicrob Agents Chemothe, 37 (1993), pp. 1214-1218
[41.]
Duncan C.P., Beauchamp C..
A temporary antibiotic-loaded joint replacement system for management of complex infections involving the hipOrthop.
Clin North Am., 24 (1993), pp. 751-759
[42.]
Duncan C.P., Mansri B.A..
Instructional Course Lecture. The role of antibiotic-loaded cement in the treatment of an infection after a hip replacement.
J Bone Joint Surg., 76-A (1994), pp. 1742-1751
[43.]
Elson R.A..
One-stage exchange in the treatment of the infected totalhip arthroplasty.
Semin Arthrop, 5 (1994), pp. 137-141
[44.]
Espehaug B., Engesaeter L.B., Vollset S.E., et al.
Antibiotic Prophylaxis In Total Hip Arthroplasty. Review of 10 905 primary cemented totalhip replacements reported to the Norwegian arthropalsty register 1987 to 1995.
J Bone Joint Surg Br, 79 (1997), pp. 590-595
[45.]
Estrada R., Tsukayama D., Gustilo R..
Management of THA infections.
A prospective study of 108 cases. Orthop. Trans, 17 (1993), pp. 1114-1115
[46.]
Fehring T.K., Cohen B..
Aspiration As A Guide To Sepsis in revision total hip arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty, 11 (1996), pp. 543-547
[47.]
Fehring T.K., McAlister J.A..
Frozen histologic sectin as a guide to sepsis in revision joint arthroplassty.
Clin Orhtop, 304 (1994), pp. 229-237
[48.]
Fehrman D.A., McBeath A.A, DeSmet A.A., et al.
Imaging barium-free bone cement.
Am J Orthop, 25 (1996), pp. 172-174
[49.]
Feldman D.S., Lonner J.H., Desai P., et al.
The role o intraoperative frozen sections in revision total joint arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 77-A (1995), pp. 1807-1813
[50.]
Fenelon G.C., Von Foerster G., Engelbrecht E..
Disarticulation of the hip as a result of failed arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 62-A (1980), pp. 441-446
[51.]
Fernandez N.C., Gottlieb M., Menitove J.E..
Blood transfusion and postoperative infection in orthopaedic patient.
Transfusion, 34 (1992), pp. 318-322
[52.]
Fitzgerald R.H..
Total hip arthroplasty sepsis. Prevention an didagnosis.
Orthop Clin North America, 23 (1992), pp. 259-264
[53.]
Fitzgerald R.H., Thompson R.L..
Current concepts review. Cephalosporin antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of musculoeskeletal sepsis.
J Bone Joint Surg., 65-A (1983), pp. 1201-1205
[54.]
Fitzgerald R.H. Jr, Noland D.R., Ilstrup D.M., et al.
Deep wound sepsis following total hip arthroplasty.
J. Bone and Joint Surg. Oct., 184 (1977), pp. 46-50
[55.]
French M.L., Eitzen H.E., Ritter M.A..
The plastic surgical adhesive drape. an evaluation of its efficacy as a microbial barrier.
Ann Surg., 184 (1976), pp. 46-50
[56.]
Garbin K.L., Evans B.G., Salvati E.A., et al.
Palacos gentamicin for the treatment of deep perioprosthetic hip infectins.
Clin Orthop, 298 (1994), pp. 97-105
[57.]
Garbin K.L., Hansen A.D..
Current concepts review. Infection after total hip arthroplasty. Past present and future.
J Bone Joint Surg., 298 (1995), pp. 97-105
[58.]
Gillespie W.J..
Infection in total joint replacement.
Infect Dis Clin North America, 4 (1990), pp. 465-484
[59.]
Gilliam D.L., Nelson C.L..
Comparison of one-step iodophor skin preparation versus traditional preparation in total joint surgery.
Clin Orthop, 250 (1990), pp. 258-260
[60.]
Glithero P.R., Grigoris P., Harding L.K., et al.
White cell scans and infected joint replacements. Failure to detect chronic infection.
J Bone Joint Surg., 75-B (1993), pp. 371-374
[61.]
Glyn M.K., Sheehand J.M..
An analysis of the causes of deep infection after hip and knee arthroplasties.
Clin Orthop, 178 (1983), pp. 202-206
[62.]
Goldner J.L., Allen B.L..
Ultraviolet light in orthopedic operatind rooms at Duke Universisty. Thirty-five years experience.
Clin Orthop, 96 (1973), pp. 195-205
[63.]
Gordon S.M., Culver D.H., Simmons B.P., et al.
Risk factors for wound infections after total knee arthroplasty.
Am J Epidemiol, 131 (1990), pp. 905-916
[64.]
Goulet J.A., Pellici P.M., Brause B.D., et al.
Prolonged suppression of infection intotal hip arthroplasty.
Arthroplasty, 3 (1988), pp. 109-116
[65.]
Graif M., Schwartz E., Strauss S., et al.
Occult infection of hip prosthesis. Sonographic evaluation.
J Am Geriatr Soc, 39 (1991), pp. 203-204
[66.]
Grauer J.D., Amustutz H.C., O'Carroll P.F., et al.
Resection arthroplasty of the hip.
J Bone Joint Surg., 71-A (1989), pp. 669-679
[67.]
Greene K.A., Wilde A.H., Stulberg B.N..
Preoperative nutricional status of total jont patients. Relationship to postoperative wound complications.
J Arthroplsty, 6 (1991), pp. 321-325
[68.]
Greenough C.G..
An investigation into contamination of operative suction.
J Bone Joint Surg., 68-B (1986), pp. 151-153
[69.]
Cristina A.G..
Biomaterial-centered infeciton. Microbial adhesión versus tissue integration.
Science, 237 (1987), pp. 1588-1595
[70.]
Cristina A.G., Colsterton J.W..
Bacterial adherence to biomaterials and tissue. The significance of its role in clinical sepsis.
J. Bone and Joint Surg., 67-A (1985), pp. 264-273
[71.]
Gross P.A., Barret T.L., Dellinger D.P., et al.
Purpose of quality standards for infectious diseases. Infectious Deseases Society of America.
Clin Infect Dis, 18 (1994), pp. 421
[72.]
Guerini S., Vaughn M.B.K., Lombardi A.V., et al.
Delayed wound healing and nutricional deficiencies after total hip arthroplasty.
Clin Orthop, 293 (1993), pp. 188-195
[73.]
Gustilo R.B., Tsukayama D..
Treatment of infected cemented total hip arthroplasty with tobramicina vedas and delayed revision with cementless prosthesis and bone grafting.
Orthop Trans, 12 (1988), pp. 739
[74.]
Hanssen A.D., Osmon D.R..
Prevention of deep periprostetic joint infection.
J Bone Joint Surg., 78-A (1996), pp. 458-471
[75.]
Harle A..
Infection management in total hip replacement.
Arch Orthop Traum Surg, 108 (1989), pp. 63
[76.]
Heath A.F..
Antimicrobial prophylaxis for arthroplasty and total joint replacement. Discussion and review of published clinical trials.
Pharmacotherapy, 11 (1991), pp. 151-163
[77.]
Heydemann J.S., Nelson C.L..
Short-term preventive antibiotics.
Clin Orthop, 205 (1986), pp. 184-187
[78.]
Hill C., Flamant R., Mazas F., et al.
Prophylactic cefazolin versus placebo in total hip replacement. Report of a multicentre double-blind rarndomised trial.
Lancet, 1 (1981), pp. 795-796
[79.]
Hope P.G., Kristinsson K.G., Norman P., et al.
Deep infection of cemented total hip arthroplasties cause by coagulasa-negative Staphylococci.
J Bone Joint Surg, 71 (1989), pp. 851-855
[80.]
Jamen P.J., Butcher I.A., Gardner E.R., et al.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidisin infection fo hip arthroplasties.
J Bone Joint Surg., 76-B (1994), pp. 725-727
[81.]
Jasty M., Maloney W.J., Bragdon C.R., et al.
The initiation of failure in cement femoral components of hip arthroplasties.
J Bone Joint Surg., 73-B (1991), pp. 551-558
[82.]
Johnson J.A., Christie M.J., Sandler M.P., et al.
Detection of occult infection following toal joint arthroplasty using sequential technetium-99m HDP bone scintigraphy and indium-111 WBC imaging.
J Nucl Med, 29 (1988), pp. 1347-1353
[83.]
Johnston D.H., Fairclough J.A., Brown E.M., et al.
Rate of bacterial recolonization of the skin after preparation. four methods compared.
British J Surg., 74 (1987), pp. 64
[84.]
Josefsson G., Gudmundsson G., Kolmert L., et al.
Prophylaxis with systemic antibiotics versus gentamicin bone cement intotal hip arthroplasty. A five-year survey of 1688 hips.
Clin Orthop, 253 (1990), pp. 173-178
[85.]
Jounger A.S.E., Duncan C.P., Masri B.A..
Treatment of infection associated with segmental bone loss in the proximal part of the femur in two stages with use of an antibiotic-loaded interval prosthesis.
J Bone Joint Surg., 80-A (1998), pp. 60-69
[86.]
Kantor G.S., Osterkamp J.A., Dorr L.D., et al.
Resection arthroplasty following infected total hip replacement arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty., 1 (1986), pp. 83-89
[87.]
Katzer A., Wening J.V., Kupka P., et al.
Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis In Hip Operations.
Penetration into bone capsule tissue and cartilage exemplified by cefuroxime. Unfallchirurgie., 23 (1997), pp. 161-170
[88.]
Kawanabe K., Okada Y., Matsusue Y..
et al.
Treatment Of Osteomyelitis with Antibiotic-soaked Porous glass ceramic. J Bone Joint Surg Br., 80 (1998), pp. 527-530
[89.]
Kim Y.H., Cho S.H., Kim R.S..
Drainage Versus Nondrainage In Simultaneous Bilateral total hip arthroplasties.
J Arthroplasty., 13 (1998), pp. 156-161
[90.]
Kostuik J., Alexander D..
Arthrodesis for failed arthroplasty of th ehip.
Clin Orthop, 11 (1984), pp. 1141-1145
[91.]
Kraemer A.W.J., Saplys R., Waddle J.P., et al.
Bone scan gallium scan and hip aspiration in the diagnosis of infected total hip arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty, 8 (1993), pp. 611-616
[92.]
Kreder H.J., Davey J.R..
Total hip arthroplasty complicated by tuberculous infection.
J Arthroplasty., 11 (1996), pp. 111-114
[93.]
Kreder H..
J, Deyo R.
A, Kopesell T, et al. Relationship between the volume of total hip replacements performed by providers and reates of postoperatibe complications in the state of Washington. J Bone Joint Surg., 79-A (1997), pp. 485-494
[94.]
Kuechle D.K., Landon G.C., Musher D.M., et al.
Elucion of vancomicina daptomicina and amikacina from acrylic bone cement.
Clin Orthop, 264 (1991), pp. 302-308
[95.]
Kwong L.M., Jasty M., Mulroy R.D., et al.
The histology of the radiolucent line.
J Bone Joint Surg., 74-B (1992), pp. 67-73
[96.]
Lachievic P.F., Rogers G.D., Thomason J.C., et al.
Aspiration of the hip joint before revision total hip arthroplasty.
Clinical and laboratory factors influencing attainment of a positive culture. J Bone Joint Surg., 78-A (1996), pp. 749-754
[97.]
Ladero Morales F., Fernández Gonzalez J., Blanco Ortiz F., et al.
Tratamiento de la artroplastia infectada de cadera.
Estudio retrospectivo. Rev Ortop Traumatol, 2 (1999), pp. 84-92
[98.]
Lai K.A., Yang C.Y., Lin R.M., et al.
Cementless Reimplantation of Hydrosyapatite-coated Total Hips after periprosthetic infections.
J Formos Med Assoc., 95 (1996), pp. 452-457
[99.]
Laurence M..
Annotation.
Ultra-clean air. J Bone Joint Surg., 65-B (1983), pp. 375-377
[100.]
Lawson K.J., Marks K.E., Brems J., et al.
Vancomicin vs tobtamycin elucion from polymethylmethcrylates.
an in vitro stydy. Orthopedics, 13 (1990), pp. 521-524
[101.]
Letts R.M., Doermer E..
Conversation in the operating theatre as a case of airborne bacterial contamination.
J Bone Joint Surg., 65-A (1983), pp. 357-362
[102.]
Levin P.D..
The effectiveness of various antibiotics in methylmethacrylate.
J Bone and Joint Surg., 57-B (1975), pp. 234
[103.]
Lewis K..
Audit of Timing Antibiotic Prophylaxis in hip and knee arthroplasty.
J R Coll Surg Edin., 43 (1998), pp. 339-340
[104.]
Lidwell O.M..
Clean air at operation and subsequent sepsis in the joint.
Clin Orthop, 211 (1986), pp. 91-102
[105.]
Lidwell O.M., Lowbury E.J., Whyte W., et al.
Effect of ultraclean air in operating rooms on deep sepsis in the joint after total hip or knee replacement.
a randomised stydy. British Med J, 285 (1982), pp. 10-14
[106.]
Lieberman J.R., Callaway G.H., Salvati E.A., et al.
Treatment of the infected total hip arthoplasty with a Two-stage reimplantation protocol.
Clin Orthop, 301 (1994), pp. 205-212
[107.]
Lindqvist C., Slatis P..
Dental bacteremia.
a neglected cause of arthroplasty infections?. Acta rthop Scandinavica, 56 (1985), pp. 506-508
[108.]
Lonner J.H., Desai P., Dicesre P.E., et al.
The reliability of analysis of intraoperative frozen sections for identifying active infection during revision hip or knee arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 78-A (1996), pp. 1553-1558
[109.]
Loty B., Postel M., Evrard J., et al.
One-stage revision of infected total hip replacements with replacement of bone loss by allografrs.
Study of 90 cases of which 46 used bone allografts. Int Orthop, 16 (1992), pp. 330-338
[110.]
Lowell J.D., Kundsin R.B., Schwartz C.M., Pozin D..
Ultraviolet radiation and reduction of deep wound infection following hip and knee arthroplasty.
Ann New York Acad Sci., 353 (1980), pp. 285-293
[111.]
Lynch M., Esser M.P., Shelley P., Wroblewski B.M..
Deep infection in Charnley lowfriction arthroplsty. Comparison of plain and gentamicin-loaded cement.
J Bone Joint Surg., 69-B (1987), pp. 355-360
[112.]
Lyons C.W., Berquist H., Lyons J.C., et al.
Evaluation of radiographic findings in painful hip arthroplsties.
Clin Orthop, 195 (1985), pp. 239-251
[113.]
MacAuley J.P., Moore K.D., Culpepper W.J., et al.
Total hip arthroplasty with porous-coated prostheses fixed without cement in patients who are sixty-five years of age or older.
J Bone Joint Surg., 80-A (1998), pp. 1648-1655
[114.]
MacDonald D.J., Fitzgerald R.H., Ilstrup D.M..
Two-stage reconstruction of total hip arthroplasty because of infection.
J. Bone and Joint Surg., 71-A (1989), pp. 828-834
[115.]
MacQueen M., Littlejohn A., Hughes S.P..
A comparison of systemic cefuroxime and cefuroximeloaded bone cement in the prevention of early infection after total joint replacement.
Internat Orthop, 11 (1987), pp. 241-243
[116.]
Maderazo E.G., Judson S., Pasternak H..
Late infections of total joint prostheses.
A review and recommendations for prevention. Clin Orthop, 229 (1988), pp. 131-142
[117.]
Madey S.M., Callaghan J.J., Olejniczak J.P., et al.
Charnley total hip arthroplasty with use of improved techniques of cementing.
The results after a minimun of fifteen years follow-up. J. Bone Joint Surg., 79-A (1997), pp. 53-64
[118.]
Marotte J.H., Lord G.A., Blanchard J.P., Guillamon J.L., et al.
Infection rate in total hip arthroplasty as a funtion of air cleanliness and antibiotics profilaxis. 10-year experience with 2384 cementless Lord Madreporic prostheses.
J Arthroplasty, 2 (1987), pp. 77-82
[119.]
Masri B.A., Duncan C.P., Beauchamp C.P..
Long-term Elution Of Antibiotics From Bonecement; an in vivo studyusing the prosthesis of antibiotic-loaded acrylic cement (PROSTALAC) SYSTEM.
J Arthroplasty., 13 (1998), pp. 331-338
[120.]
Masterson E.L., Masri B.A., Duncan C.P..
Treatment of infection at the site of total hip replacement.
En W. Dilworth Cannon (ed). Instructional Course Lectures Rosemont IL. American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeon, 47 (1998), pp. 297-306
[121.]
Mauerhand D.R., Nelson C.L., Smith D.L., Fitzgerald R.H., et al.
Prophylaxis against infection in total jjoint arthroplasty.
One day of cefuroxime compared with three days with cefazolin. J Bone Joint Surg., 76-A (1994), pp. 39-45
[122.]
Menon T.J., Wroblewski B.M..
Charnley lowfriction arthroplasty in patients with psoriasis.
Clin Orthop, 176 (1983), pp. 127-128
[123.]
Meter J.J., Polly D.W., Brueckner R.P., et al.
Effect of intraoperative blood loss on serum level of cefazolin in patients managed with totalhiparthroplasty. A prospective controlled stud.
J Bone Joint Surg., 78-A (1996), pp. 1201-1205
[124.]
Michelson J.D., Lotke P.A., Steinberg M.E..
Urinary-bladder management after total jointreplacement surgery.
New England J Med, 319 (1988), pp. 321-326
[125.]
Migaud H., Chantelot C..
Besson A, et al.
The pathology of th ejoint tissues and its clinical relevance inprosthesis failure. Clin Orthop, 117 (1976), pp. 221-240
[126.]
Mirra J.M., Amstutz H.C., Matos M., et al.
The pathology of th ejoint tisúes and its clinical relevance in prótesis failure.
Clin Orthop, 117 (1976), pp. 221-240
[127.]
Mishriki S.F., Law D.J., Jeffrey P.J..
Factors affecting the incidence of postoperative wound infection.
J Hosp Infect, 16 (1990), pp. 223-230
[128.]
Mitchell N.J., Hunt S..
Surgical face masks in modern operating rooms.
A costly and unnecessary ritual? J Hosp Infect, 16 (1991), pp. 223-230
[129.]
Moechel B., Huo M.H., Salvati E.A., Pellici P.M..
Total hip arthroplasty in patients with diabetes Melitus.
J Arthroplasty, 8 (1993), pp. 279-284
[130.]
Morscher E., Babst R., Jenny H..
Treatment of infected joint arthroplasty.
Int Orthop, 14 (1990), pp. 161-165
[131.]
Moylan J.A., Fitzpatrick K.T., Davenport K.E..
Reducing wound.
Infections improved gown and drape barrier performance. Arch Sñurg, 122 (1987), pp. 152-157
[132.]
Mulcahy D.M., Fenelon G.C., McInerney D.P..
Aspiration arthrography of the hip joint.
its uses and limitations in revision hip surgery. J Arthroplasty, 11 (1996), pp. 64-68
[133.]
Muñoz A., Ricart Y., Hernández H.J., et al.
Gammagrafia con 99mTc-coloide de estaño en la valoración de la infección de los implantes ortopédicos.
AADE Ed J., 17 (1998), pp. 152-157
[134.]
Murria R.P., Hanssen A.D., Morrey D.F..
Attempted salvage of infected total hip arthroplasty.
Orthop. Trans, 16 (1993), pp. 672
[135.]
Nasser S., Lee Y.F., Amstutz H.C..
Direct exchange arthroplasty in 30 septic total hips without clinical failure.
Orthop Trans, 16 (1993), pp. 672
[136.]
Naylor P.T., Myrvik Q.N., Gristina A.G..
Antibiotic resistance of biomaterial-adherent coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive stafilococci.
Clin Orthop, 261 (1990), pp. 126-133
[138.]
Nelson J.P., Fitzgerald R.H., Jaspers M.T., Little J.W..
Editorial Prophylactic antimicrobial coverage in arthroplasty patients.
J Bone Joint Surg., 72-A (1990), pp. 1
[139.]
Nelson J.P., Glassburn A.R., Talbott R.D., McElhinney J.P..
Clean room operatin rooms.
Clin Orthop, 96 (1973), pp. 179-187
[140.]
Nestor B.J., Hansen A.D., Ferrer-González R., et al.
The use of porous prostheses in delayed reocnstruction of totalhip replacements that have failed because of infection.
J Bone and Joint Surg., 76-A (1994), pp. 349-359
[141.]
Nijhof M.W., Oyen W.J., van Kampen A., et al.
Evaluation Of Infections Of the Locomotor system with indium-111-labeled human IgG scintigraphy.
J Nucl Med., 38 (1997), pp. 1300-1305
[142.]
Nijhof M.W., Oyen W.J., van Kampen A., et al.
Hip And Knee rthroplasty Infection.
In-111-IgG scintigraphy in 102 cases. Acta Orthop Scand., 68 (1997), pp. 332-336
[143.]
Niskanen R.O., Korkala O., Pammo H..
Serum C-reactive protein levels after total hip and knee arthroplaty.
J Bone Joint Surg., 78B (1996), pp. 431-433
[144.]
Oga M., Arizono T., Sugioka Y..
Inhibition of bacterial adhesión by tobramycin-impregnated PMMA bone cement.
Acta Orthop Scand, 64 (1993), pp. 273-276
[145.]
Oga M., Arizono T., Sugioka Y..
Inhibition of bacterial adhesión by tobramycin-impregnated PMMA bone cement.
Acta Orthop Scand, 63 (1992), pp. 301-304
[146.]
Okafor B., MacLellan G..
Postoperative Changes Of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate plasma viscosity and C-reactive protein levels after hip surgery.
Acta Orthop Belg., 64 (1998), pp. 52-56
[147.]
O'Neil D.A., Harris W.H..
Failed total hip replacement. Assessement by plane radiographs arthogtams and aspiration of the hip joint.
J Bone Joint Surg., 66-A (1984), pp. 540-546
[148.]
Oswald S.G., Van Nostrand D., Savoir C.G., et al.
Three-phase bone scan and indium white blood cell scintigraphy following porous coated hip arthroplasty. a prospective study of the prosthetic tip.
J Nucl Med., 30 (1989), pp. 1321-1331
[149.]
Ovadia D., Luger E., Bickels J., et al.
Efficacy Of Closed Wound Drainage After total joint arthroplasty. A prospective randomised study.
J Arthroplasty., 12 (1997), pp. 317-321
[150.]
Oyen W.J., van Horn J.R., Claessens R.A., et al.
Diagnosis of bone joint and joint prosthesis infections with In-111labeled non-specific human immunoglobulin G scintigraphy.
Radiology, 182 (1992), pp. 195-199
[151.]
Ozaki T., Yoshitaka T., Kunisada T., et al.
Vancomycin-impregnated Polymethylmethacrylate Vedas For Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. report of two cases.
AADE Ed J., 3 (1998), pp. 163-168
[152.]
Pace T.B., Jeray K.J., Latham J.T. Jr.
Synovial Tissue Examination By Frozen Section as an indicator of infection in hip and knee arthropñaty in community hospitals.
J Arthroplasty, 12 (1997), pp. 64-69
[153.]
Pazzaglia U.E., Ghisellini F., Ceffa R., et al.
Evaluation of reimplant total hip prostheses and resection arthroplasty.
Orthopedics, 11 (1988), pp. 1141-1145
[154.]
Petty W..
The effect of methylmethacrylate on chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocite.
J. Bone and Joint Surg., 60-A (1978), pp. 492
[155.]
Petty W..
The effect of methylmethcrylate on bacterial phagocytosis and killing by human polymorphonuclear leukocites.
J. Bone Joint Surg., 70-A (1988), pp. 536-539
[156.]
Petty W., Spanier S., Schuster J.J., Silverthorne C..
The influence of skeletal implants on incidence of infection.
Experiments in a canine model. J Bone Joint Surg., 67-A (1985), pp. 536-539
[157.]
Petty W., Spanier S., Schuster J.J., Silverthorne C..
The influence of skeletal implants on incidence of infection.
Esperiments in a canine model. J Bone Joint Surg., 67-A (1985), pp. 1236-1244
[158.]
Philips W.C., Kattapuam S..
Efficacy of preoperative hip aspiration performed in the radiology department.
Clin Orthop, 179 (1983), pp. 141-146
[159.]
Pos R., Thornhill T.S., Ewald F.C., Thomas W.H., Batte N.J., Sedge C.B..
Factors influencing the incidence and outcome of infeccition following toal hip arthroplasty.
Clin Orthop, 182 (1984), pp. 117-126
[160.]
Rapley R., Theophilus B.D., Bevan I.S., et al.
Fundamentals of the polymerase chain reaction.
A future in clinical diagnostics?. Med Lab Sci., 49 (1992), pp. 119-128
[161.]
Raut V.V., Siney P.D., Wroblewski B.N..
One-stage revision fo infected total hip replacements with discharging sinuses.
J. Bone and Joint Surg., 7-B (1994), pp. 721-724
[162.]
Ritter M.A., Eitzen H., Frencha M.L., Hart J.B..
The operating room environment as a affected by people and the surgical face mask.
Clin Orthop, 111 (1975), pp. 147-150
[163.]
Ritter M.A., Faris P.M., Keating E.M..
Urinary tract catheterisation protocols follwing total joint arthroplasty.
Orthopedics, 12 (1989), pp. 1085-1087
[164.]
Ritter M.A., French M.l., Eitzen H.E., Gioe T.J..
The antimicrobial effectiveness of operative-site preparative agents.
A microbiologial and clinical study. J Bone Joint Surg., 62-A (1980), pp. 826-828
[165.]
Roberts P., Walter A.J., MacMinn D.J..
Diagnosing infection in hip replacements.
The use of fin-needl aspiration and readiometric culture. J Bone Joint Surg., 74-B (1992), pp. 265-269
[166.]
Rodriguez J.A., Ranawat C.S., Maniar R.N., et al.
Incisional Cellulitis After Total Hip Replacement.
J Bone Surg Br., 80 (1998), pp. 876-878
[167.]
Rosenstein B.D., Wilson F.C., Funderburk C.H..
The use of bacitrcin irrigation to prevent infection in postoperative wounds. An experimental study.
J Bone Joint Surg., 65-B (1983), pp. 502-506
[168.]
Salvati E.A., Chekofsky K.M., Brause B.D., et al.
Reimplantation in infection, a twelve year experience.
Clin Orthop, 170 (1982), pp. 62
[169.]
Salvati E.A., Robinson R.P., Zeno S.M., et al.
infections rate after 3175 total hip and total knee replacement performed with and without a horizontal unidirectional filtered air-flow system.
J Bone Joint Surg., 64-A (1982), pp. 525-535
[170.]
Sanders R., Fortin P., Ross E., Helfet D..
Outer gloves in orthopaedic procedures.
Cloth compared with latex. J Bone Joint Surg., 72-A (1990), pp. 914-917
[171.]
Sanzen L., Carlsson A.S..
The diagnostic value of C-reactive protein in infected total hip arthroplasties.
J Bone Joint Surg., 71-B (1989), pp. 638-641
[172.]
Sanzen L., Sundberg M..
Periprosthetic Low-grade Hip Infections.
Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein in 23 cases. Acta Orthop Scand, 68 (1997), pp. 461-465
[173.]
Schmalzried T.P., Amstutz H.C., Au M.K., Dorey F..
J. Incidence of deep sepsis in total hip arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty, 280 (1992), pp. 200-207
[174.]
Schmidt R.M., Rosenkranz H.S..
Antimicrobial activity of local anesthetics.
Lidocaine and procaine. J Infect Dis, 11 (1970), pp. 597-607
[175.]
Schmitt S., Weyand F..
Correlation Between Postoperative Duration Of Redon drainage an dwound healing. A stydy of 150 patients with total endoprosthetic hip replacement.
Unfallchrirurgie., 23 (1997), pp. 2059
[176.]
Schutzer S.F..
Harris WH.
Deep-wound infection after total hip replacement after contemporary aseptic conditions. J Bone Joint Surg., 70-A (1988), pp. 724-737
[177.]
Serafini A.N., Garty L., Vargas-Cuba R., et al.
Clinical evaluation of scintigraphic meted for diagnosisn inflammations/infections using indium-111-labeled nonspecific human IgG.
J Nucl Med, 32 (1991), pp. 2227-2232
[178.]
Sharp W.V., Belden T.A., King P.H., et al.
Suture resistance to infection.
Surgery, 91 (1982), pp. 61
[179.]
Shaw J.A., Bordner M.A., Hamory B.H..
Efficacy of The Steri-Shield filtered Exhaust helmet in limiting bacterial counts in the operating room during total joint arthroplasty.
J Arthroplasty, 11 (1996), pp. 469-473
[180.]
Smith S.W., Estok S.M., Harris W.H..
Total hip arthroplasty with use of second-generation cementing techniques.
An eighteen-year-average follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg., 80-A (1998), pp. 1632-1640
[181.]
Smith T.K..
Nutricion.
Its relationship to orthopedic infections. Orthop Clin North America, 22 (1991), pp. 373-377
[182.]
Spangehl M.J., Younger A.S.E., Masri B.A., Duncan C.P..
Diagnosis of infection following Total Hip Arthrolasty. Instructional Course Lecture.
J. Bone and Joint Surg. Oct., 79-A (1997), pp. 1578-1588
[183.]
Spinner R.J., Sexton D.J., Goldner R.D., et al.
Periprosthetic infections due to Nycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with no prior history of tuberculosis.
J Arthroplasty, 11 (1995), pp. 217-222
[184.]
Strange-Vognsen N.H., Klareskov B..
Bacteriologic contamination of suction tips during hip arthroplasty.
Acta Orthop Scandianavica, 59 (1988), pp. 410-411
[185.]
Sutton P.M., Greenee T., Howell F.R..
The proective effect of a cut-resistant glove liner.
A prospective randomised trial. J Bone Joint Surg., 80-B (1998), pp. 411-413
[186.]
Taylor G.J.S., Leeming J.P., Bannister G.C..
Effect of antiseptics ultraviolet light and lavage on airborne bacteria in a model wound.
J Bone Joint Surg., 75-B (1993), pp. 724-730
[187.]
Tehranzadeh J..
Gubernik I, Blaha D.
Prospective stydy of sequential technetium-99m phosphate and gallium imaging in painful hip prostheses) comparation of diagnostic modalities). Clin Nucl Med, 13 (1998), pp. 229-236
[188.]
Thoren B., Wigren A..
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in infection of total hip replacements.
Orthopedics, 14 (1991), pp. 495-497
[189.]
Tompkins G.S., Jacobs J.J., Kull L.R., et al.
Primary total hip arthroplasty with a porous coated acetabular Component.
Seven-to-ten-years results. J Bone Joint Surg., 79-A (1997), pp. 169-176
[190.]
Trippel S.B..
Current concepts review.
Antibiotic-impregnated cement in total joint arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg., 68-A (1986), pp. 1297-1302
[191.]
Tsukayama D., Estrada R., Gustilo R..
Infection after Total Hip Arthroplasty.
A study of the treatment of one hundred and six infections. J. Bone and Joint Surg. Apr., 78-A (1996), pp. 512-523
[192.]
Tunevall T.G..
Postoperative wound infections and surgical face mask.
A controlled stydy. World J Surg, 15 (1991), pp. 383-387
[193.]
Tunney M.M., Patrick S., Gorman S.P..
Replacements. A currently underestimated problem.
J Bone Joint Surg Br., 80 (1998), pp. 568-572
[194.]
Ure K.J., Amstutz H.C., Nasser S., et al.
Direct-exchange arthroplasty for the treatment of infection after total hip replacement. An average ten-tear follow-up.
J Bone Joint Surg., 80-A (1998), pp. 961-968
[195.]
Wahl M.J..
Myths of dental-induced prosthetic joint infections.
Clin Infect Dis, 20 (1995), pp. 1420-1425
[196.]
Wang J.W., Chen C.E..
Reimplantation of infected hip arthroplasties using bone allografts.
Clin Orthop., 335 (1997), pp. 202-210
[197.]
Wegener W.A., Alavi A..
Diagnostic imaging of musculoskeletal infection.
Roentgenography; gallium indium-labeled white blood cell gammgaglobulin bone scintigraphy and MRI. Orthop Clin North Am, 22 (1991), pp. 401-418
[198.]
Weis AP, Krackow KA. Persistent wound drainage after primary total knee arthroplaty. J Arthroplasty 8:285-289.
[199.]
Wellman N., Fortum S.M., LcLeod B.R..
Bacterial biofilms and the bioelectric effect.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 40 (1996), pp. 2012-2014
[200.]
Whyte W., Bailey P.V., Hamblen D.L., et al.
A bacteriologically occlusive clothing system for use in the operating room.
J Bone Joint Surg., 65-B (1983), pp. 502-506
[201.]
White J., Kelly M., Dunsmuir R..
C-reactive Protein Level After Total Hip and total knee replacement.
J Bone Joint Surg Br., 80 (1998), pp. 909-911
[202.]
Widmer A.F., Gaechter A., Oschsner P.E..
Antimicrobial treatment of orthopedic implantrelated infections with rifampicin combinations.
Lin Infect Dis, 14 (1992), pp. 1251-1253
[203.]
Wilkins J., Patzakis M.J..
Peripheral Teflon catheters. Potential source for bacterial contamination of orthopedic implants.
Clin Orthop, 254 (1990), pp. 251-254
Copyright © 2001. Academia de Ciencias Médicas de Bilbao