Factors related with preeclampsia in Makassar, South Sulawesi: A consideration for prevention

Abstract

Objective

This study aims to assess factors related to preeclampsia in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Method

This research has been approved by the recommendation of the ethics from the Hasanuddin university ethics commission with letter number 459/UN4.6.4.5.31/PP36-/2019. It was a cross-sectional study, the sample was 25 pregnant mothers who were diagnosed with preeclampsia and 25 normal pregnant mothers who came to the Daya District Hospital, Siti Fatimah Regional Mother and Child Hospital, Mother and Child Hospital (RSIA) Sitti Khadijah 1 at Makassar City from July to August 2019. Variables studied were age, occupation, parity, Body Mass Index (BMI), exposure to cigarette smoke, type of delivery, and dental caries.

Results

Mothers who had exposure to cigarette smoke had a frequency of preeclampsia of 68% (17 people), the relationship of cigarette smoke exposure with preeclampsia was statistically significant (p = 0.046, p < 0.05). Mothers who had dental caries were also significantly associated with the incidence of preeclampsia (p = 0.002, p = 0.05). Mothers who have dental caries experience preeclampsia with a frequency of 76% (19 people).

Conclusion

The results of the analysis of this study indicate that dental caries and cigarette smoke exposure are significantly related to the incidence of preeclampsia, however further research is needed to be done in order to obtain stronger evidence.