Información del artículo
Resumen
Este trabajo persigue un doble objetivo. Por un lado, identificar facilitadores del proceso de compartir conocimiento, y por otro, analizar el efecto de dicho proceso sobre el desempeño innovador. Con respecto al primer objetivo, se han considerado dos grupos de facilitadores: factores motivacionales, como el compromiso afectivo y las prácticas de recursos humanos de alta implicación; y factores de oportunidad, como la comunicación informal, equipos de trabajo y tecnologías de la información y comunicación. Las hipótesis se han contrastado en una muestra de 87 empresas innovadoras españolas. Los resultados evidencian que los factores motivacionales influyen positivamente sobre el grado en que se comparte conocimiento, desempeñando el compromiso afectivo un efecto mediador parcial entre las prácticas de alta implicación y compartir conocimiento. Respecto a los factores de oportunidad, sólo los que permiten una interacción cara a cara, como la comunicación informal y los equipos, constituyen mecanismos efectivos para favorecer los procesos de compartir conocimiento. Finalmente, compartir conocimiento dentro de la organización afecta positivamente al desempeño innovador de las empresas.
Palabras Calve:
Compartir Conocimiento
Innovación
Factores motivadores
Factores de Oportunidad
Abstract
This paper pursues two aims. Firstly, to indentify knowledge sharing enablers, and secondly, to analyze the effect of knowledge sharing processes on innovation performance. Regarding the first aim, two groups of factors have been considered: motivational factors, such as affective commitment and high involvement human resource management practices; and factors that create the opportunity to share knowledge, including informal communication, structured teamwork and information and communication technologies. Hypotheses have been tested on a sample of 87 Spanish innovative firms. Results show that both motivational factors positively influence the extent to which knowledge is shared, playing affective commitment a partial mediator role between high involvement practices and knowledge sharing. Regarding opportunity factors, only those that allow face to face interactions, such as informal communication and teamwork, represents effective mechanisms to encourage knowledge sharing processes. Finally, knowledge sharing within the organization positively affects innovation performance.
Keywords:
Knowledge Sharing
Innovation
Motivational Factors
Opportunity Factors
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Los autores agradecen los comentarios y sugerencias realizados por los evaluadores anónimos, así como el apoyo recibido del MEC y de la Junta de Andalucía a través de los grupos de investigación SEC2006-15105 y SEJ-02478.
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