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Cirugía Española (English Edition) DEFINING SAFETY LIMITS IN ORGAN DONATION: THE NON-STANDARD RISK DONOR
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Pre-proof, online 9 January 2026
DEFINING SAFETY LIMITS IN ORGAN DONATION: THE NON-STANDARD RISK DONOR
DEFINIENDO LÍMITES DE SEGURIDAD EN LA DONACIÓN DE ÓRGANOS: EL DONANTE DE RIESGO NO ESTÁNDAR
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Antonio Ríosa,
Corresponding author
arzrios@um.es
arzrios4@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Beatriz Mahíllob, Beatriz Domínguez-Gilc
a Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, IMIB - Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
b Departamento de Cirugía, Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
c Director del Proyecto Colaborativo Internacional Donante, Murcia, Spain
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Abstract

The transmission of diseases through organ transplantation is an inherent risk to the transfer of biological material between individuals. This risk must be minimised, while also avoiding the unnecessary loss of organs suitable for transplantation obtained from donors with a history of a condition that may affect organ function or may be transmitted to the recipient—such donors are referred to as non-standard risk donors. The final decision to transplant organs from these donors must be made following a thorough risk/benefit assessment.

To this end, the approach in Spain has been based on the provision of targeted support to transplant teams through the development and adoption of reference documents, a second-opinion system, and the generation of evidence through the prospective follow-up of recipients of organs transplanted from this type of donors.

Keywords:
Organ Donation
Non-Standard Risk Donor
Organ Transplant
Infection
Neoplasms
Poisoning
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Low Prevalence Diseases
Resumen

La transmisión de enfermedades a través del trasplante de órganos es un riesgo inherente a la transferencia de material biológico entre individuos. Tal riesgo ha de minimizarse, al tiempo que se debe evitar la pérdida innecesaria de órganos para trasplante a partir de donantes con el antecedente de una condición que puede afectar al funcionamiento del órgano o transmitirse al receptor. A este tipo de donante se le denomina donante de riesgo no estándar. La decisión final de trasplantar los órganos de estos donantes ha de ser tomada tras una pormenorizada evaluación del riesgo/beneficio.

Para ello, el abordaje en España se ha basado en el apoyo a los profesionales de los equipos trasplantadores, mediante la elaboración y adopción de documentos de referencia, un sistema de segunda opinión y la generación de evidencia mediante el seguimiento prospectivo de los receptores de órganos que se trasplantan a partir de este tipo de donantes.

Palabras clave:
Donación de Órganos
Donante de Riesgo no Estándar
Trasplante de Órganos
Infección
Neoplasias
Intoxicaciones
Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas
Enfermedades de Baja Prevalencia

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