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Vol. 65. Issue 2.
Pages 102-108 (March - April 2014)
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Vol. 65. Issue 2.
Pages 102-108 (March - April 2014)
Original Article
Comparison of Two Analgesic Protocols for Post-tonsillectomy Pain Control in Outpatient Adults
Comparación de 2 protocolos analgésicos en el control del dolor postamigdalectomía en pacientes adultos ambulatorios
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María Luz Magdalenaa,
Corresponding author
luzcolloto@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Luisa Caragola, Antonio Soléb, Juan Pablo Rodrigoa
a Unidad de Cirugía Mayor Ambulatoria, Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
b Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Tables (7)
Table 1. Characteristics of the Groups.
Table 2. Assessment of Pain in Relation to the Analgesic Protocol Used.
Table 3. Frequency of Complications in the Two Groups.
Table 4. Relation of Surgical Technique With Pain and Complications.
Table 5. Mean Pain Scores Based on Surgical Technique and Analgesic Protocol.
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Tonsillectomy causes a moderate to severe postoperative pain, and its treatment is an unsolved problem.

The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two analgesic protocols and their related complications.

Methods

Two groups of adult patients submitted to ambulatory tonsillectomy were studied. In Group 1, 52 patients received a combination of tramadol and NSAIDs postoperatively; in Group 2, 60 patients were treated with prednisone and NSAIDs. Two surgical techniques were used: cold dissection or dissection with electrocautery. Pain was recorded on days 4, 7 and 15, using a numerical scale from 0 to 10.

Results

Both groups showed similar pain at postoperative day 4. At day 7, pain was higher in Group 2 (P=.049), while at day 15 both groups showed only some discomfort. Sickness and vomiting was more frequent in Group 1, and haemorrhage and hospitalisation in Group 2. Cold dissection patients showed lower levels of pain at days 4 and 7, independently of analgesic protocol, and had lower haemorrhage and emergency visit rates.

Conclusions

The efficacy of both protocols was similar in terms of control of pain, with the exception of day 7; however, the protocol with prednisone showed fewer secondary effects. Patients operated using cold dissection had less pain and fewer complications.

Keywords:
Tonsillectomy
Tramadol
Prednisone
Postoperative pain
Postoperative complications
Nursing
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

La amigdalectomía está incluida en los procedimientos quirúrgicos que producen dolor postoperatorio moderado-severo, y el control del mismo es un problema aun no resuelto.

El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la efectividad de 2 protocolos analgésicos y evaluar la frecuencia de complicaciones relacionadas con el tratamiento en ambos grupos.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio en 2 grupos de pacientes adultos sometidos a amigdalectomía en régimen ambulatorio. El grupo 1 incluyó 52 pacientes a los cuales se trató con una combinación de tramadol y AINE, y el grupo 2 incluyó 60 pacientes tratados con prednisona y AINE. Se emplearon 2 técnicas quirúrgicas diferentes, la disección fría o la disección con electrobisturí. La valoración del dolor se realizó utilizando una escala numérica de 0 a 10 al 4.°, 7.° y 15.° día del postoperatorio.

Resultados

Al 4.° día ambos grupos presentan puntuación media de dolor similar. Los pacientes del grupo 2 presentaron más dolor al 7.° día (p=0.049). Al 15.° día solo había pequeñas molestias en ambos grupos. Los vómitos y mareos fueron más frecuentes en el grupo 1, y los ingresos hospitalarios y las hemorragias lo fueron en el grupo 2. Los pacientes intervenidos con disección fría tuvieron menos dolor al 4.° y 7.° día, independientemente del protocolo analgésico, y presentaron menos hemorragias y visitas a urgencias.

Conclusión

La efectividad analgésica es similar para ambos protocolos, excepto al 7.° día, aunque con menos efectos secundarios en el protocolo con prednisona. Los pacientes intervenidos con disección fría presentaron menos dolor y complicaciones que los intervenidos con electrobisturí.

Palabras clave:
Amigdalectomía
Tramadol
Prednisona
Dolor postoperatorio
Complicaciones postoperatorias
Enfermería

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