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Review of cadaveric dating methods and new perspectives from the necrobiome
Revisión sobre las nuevas perspectivas de datación cadavérica desde el necrobioma
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Ángel M. Aragonés, Silvana Teresa Tapia-Paniagua
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stapia@uma.es

Corresponding author.
Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Received 24 February 2021. Accepted 30 May 2021
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Abstract

Nowadays there are numerous scientific strategies thathelping to clarify forensic cases, including time since death. The absence of reliable quantitative methods to estimate the post-mortem interval explains the increase in promising new lines of research for this purpose. After the appearance of the new techniques of massive sequencing and bioinformatics, also arises the study of the necrobiome through a new and little studied area within the forensic sciences, Forensic Microbiology. In this review, a tour of the existing techniques and procedures of cadaveric dating is made, which includes new cutting-edge techniques in different areas of knowledge and also mentions the utilities of Forensic Microbiology, where the thanatomicrobiome, present from the moment of death, according to recent studies, points to be a promising method for estimating the post-mortem interval in the future.

Keywords:
Necrobiome
Thanatomicrobiome
Forensic microbiology
Post-mortem interval
Resumen

Hoy en día existen numerosas estrategias desde un punto de vista científico que ayudan a esclarecer los casos forenses, entre ellas la datación cadavérica. La ausencia de métodos fiables cuantitativos para estimar el intervalo post mortem explica el incremento de nuevas líneas de investigación prometedoras con dicha finalidad. Tras la aparición de las nuevas técnicas de secuenciación masiva y bioinformáticas, surge también el estudio del necrobioma como un área novedosa y poco estudiada dentro de las ciencias forenses, que se ha llegado a denominar como “microbiología forense”. En esta revisión se realiza un breve recorrido por las técnicas y procedimientos existentes de datación cadavérica, centrándose en la utilidad del tanatomicrobioma, o conjunto de microorganismos presentes en el momento de la muerte, que podría ser un método prometedor para la estimación del intervalo post mortem en el futuro.

Palabras clave:
Necrobioma
Tanatomicrobioma
Microbiología forense
Intervalo post mortem

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