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Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial
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Inicio Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial Postura e Disfunção Temporo-Mandibular: Controvérsias Actuais
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Vol. 49. Issue 2.
Pages 111-117 (April - June 2008)
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Vol. 49. Issue 2.
Pages 111-117 (April - June 2008)
Revisão
Open Access
Postura e Disfunção Temporo-Mandibular: Controvérsias Actuais
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Rita Grade*, João Caramês**, Ana Pragosa***, José Carvalhão***, Sérgio Sousa***
* Médica-Dentista, Monitora das disciplinas de Gnatofisiologia, Oclusão e Disfunção Temporo-Mandibular e Clínica de Reabilitação Oral da Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
** Médico-Dentista, Professor Associado, Regente das disciplinas de Gnatofisiologia, Oclusão e Disfunção Temporo-Mandibular e Clínica de Reabilitação Oral da Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
*** Médico-Dentista, Assistente das disciplinas de Gnatofisiologia, Oclusão e Disfunção Temporo-Mandibular e Clínica de Reabilitação Oral da Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
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Resumo

Nos últimos anos, vários autores têm estudado a relação entre Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM) e Desordens Cervico-espinhais (DCE), com o objectivo de determinar se existe influência recíproca entre as estruturas do sistema estomatognático e a cadeia postural. A diversidade de opiniões sobre este tema tem dificultado a obtenção de consensos, que possam orientar o Médico Dentista na abordagem clínica do paciente com Disfunção.

Objectivo

Averiguar se existe, na actualidade, consenso entre os vários autores sobre a relação entre a DTM e as DCE.

Materiais e Métodos

Foram consultados artigos disponíveis no banco de dados PubMed bem como alguns livros de áreas relacionadas.

Resultados

A maioria dos estudos demonstra que os distúrbios musculares e posturais são mais frequentes em pacientes com DTM e estabelece algum tipo de correlação entre o tipo de oclusão, a existência de sinais e sintomas de DTM, as dimensões craniofaciais, a anteriorização da cabeça (FHP) e o desequilíbrio postural, embora nem sempre consigam explicar o mecanismo subjacente, ou mesmo atribuir causalidade entre os dois tipos de disfunção.

Conclusões

Na ausência de fortes indícios há que tomar decisões baseando-nos nas evidências disponíveis, o que se traduz na necessidade de uma abordagem biomecânica glo-bal que inclui o corpo como um todo, no exame e elaboração do plano de tratamento do paciente com desordens temporomandibulares. A coordenação entre especialistas das várias áreas, nomeadamente da Medicina Dentária e Fisiatria deve ser procurada, de forma a proporcionar o melhor tratamento aos pacientes com disfunção.

Palavras-Chave:
Postura
Desordens cervico-espinhais
Disfunção temporo-mandibular
Posição de repouso mandibular
Posição anterior da cabeça
Abstract

In the last few years, several authors have been studying the relation between Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and cervical spine disorders, in order to determine if there is a reciprocal influence between structures of the stomatognathic system and posture. Although this possible relation may carry clinical implications on the approach of a patient with these dysfunctions, the difficulty in reaching a consensual opinion on the subject has lead to a certain lack of interest amongst Dentists.

Objective

Investigate if consensus on the relation between the two disorders has been reached.

Materials and Methods

The research was based both on articles available in the PubMed database and in some books of related subjects.

Results

Most of the studies show that muscular dysfunction and postural abnormalities are more frequent in patients with TMD and establish some kind of correlation between the type of occlusion, the existence of signs and symptoms of TMD, craniofacial dimensions, forward head posture (FHP) and postural disorders. Nevertheless, these studies can’t always explain the underlying mechanism or establish a cause/effect relation between the two types of dysfunction.

Conclusions

In the absence of stronger evidences, clinicians have to make decisions based on available evidences, which sets the need for a global biomechanical approach that includes the human body as a whole, when examining an planning the treatment of the patient with disorders. Coordination between specialists of different areas namely Dentistry and Physiatry is desirable in order to provide the best possible treatment to patients with dysfunction.

Key-words:
Posture
Cervical spine disorders
Temporomandibular disorders
Mandibular rest position
Forward head posture
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(Grade R, Caramês J, Pragosa A, Carvalhão J, Sousa S. Postura e Disfunção Temporo-Mandibular: Controvérsias Actuais. Rev Port Estomatol Cir Maxilofac 2008;49:111–117)

Copyright © 2008. Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária
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