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Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial
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Vol. 50. Issue 1.
Pages 5-10 (January - February 2009)
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Vol. 50. Issue 1.
Pages 5-10 (January - February 2009)
Caso Clínico
Open Access
Granuloma Periférico de Células Gigantes como Primeira Manifestação de um Hiperparatiroidismo Primário
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Luís Medeiros*, Luís Monteiro**
* Médico Estomatologista. Director do serviço de Estomatologia do Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil - Porto
** Médico Dentista (ISCSN). Mestre em Oncologia (ICBAS). Regente de Biopatologia e Anatomia Patológica no IPSN/ESVS. Docente de Clínica Cirúrgica e Periodontal III (ISCSN). Monitor de estágio em Medicina Dentária (ISCS) no Hospital de Valongo. Investigador do Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS)
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Resumo

O hiperparatiroidismo primário é uma doença rara, com origem em patologia intrínseca das paratiróides, caracterizada por uma produção excessiva de paratormona (PTH) com consequente hipercalcemia. É uma doença classicamente associada a perturbações ósseas como quistos ósseos ou granulomas de células gigantes, a lesões renais, gastrointestinais, neuromusculares e cardiovasculares.

Os autores apresentam um caso de hiperparatiroidismo primário associado a um granuloma periférico de células gigantes na cavidade oral como primeira manifestação da doença. Após o diagnóstico histopatológico preliminar de granuloma periférico de células gigantes, a detecção de hipercalcemia, a elevação da PTH e a confirmação da existência de um adenoma das paratiróides permitiu o diagnóstico definitivo da lesão oral como granuloma periférico de células gigantes associado a um hiperparatiroidismo primário.

O facto da cavidade oral poder ser um dos locais afectados por estas lesões, permite ao médico dentista/estomatologista ser um dos pontos-chave no diagnóstico de um hiperparatiroidismo primário, prevenindo o aparecimento de complicações de elevada morbilidade.

Palavras-Chave:
Hiperparatiroidismo primário
Hipercalcemia
Paratormona
Granuloma de células gigantes
Cavidade oral
Abstract

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare disease, due to intrinsic parathyroid pathology, characterised by an excessive parathormone production with subsequent hypercalcemia. It is a disease associated to osseous alterations like bone cyst's or giant cell granulomas and renal, gastrointestinal, neuromuscular and cardiovascular lesions.

The authors present a case of primary hyperparathyroidism associated with peripheral giant cell granuloma of oral cavity, as first manifestation. After preliminary histopathological diagnosis of a peripheral giant cell granuloma, the detection of hypercalcemia, elevated PTH and detection of a parathyroid adenoma has lead to definitive diagnosis of first oral lesion as a giant cell granuloma associated to a primary hyperparathyroidism.

The fact that the oral cavity is one of the places where these lesions can occur, allows the oral specialist to be one of the keypoints in the diagnosis of a primary hyperparathyroidism preventing the onset of complications of high morbility.

Key-words:
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia
Parathormone
Giant cell granuloma
Oral cavity
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(Medeiros L, Monteiro L. Granuloma Periférico de Células Gigantes como Primeira Manifestação de um Hiperparatiroidismo Primário. Rev Port Estomatol Cir Maxilofac 2009;50:5–10)

Copyright © 2009. Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária
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