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Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition) Potential biomarkers present in the urine of patients with systemic lupus erythe...
Journal Information
Vol. 32. Issue 2.
Pages 159-167 (April - June 2025)
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133
Vol. 32. Issue 2.
Pages 159-167 (April - June 2025)
Original Investigation
Potential biomarkers present in the urine of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: An exploratory study in Colombian patients
Potenciales biomarcadores presentes en orina de pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico: estudio exploratorio en pacientes colombianos
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Yeimy Paola Trujilloa, Alfonso Kerguelenb, Sandra Amadob, Santiago Bernal-Macíasc, Daniel Gerardo Fernández-Ávilac, Alfonso Barreto-Prietoa, Luz-Stella Rodríguezd,
Corresponding author
luz-rodriguez@javeriana.edu.co

Corresponding author.
a Departament of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
b Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio - Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
c Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio - Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
d Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Table 1. Characteristics of the study population.
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Abstract
Objective

To describe the urinary levels of molecules related to removing apoptotic cells and triggering inflammation, as well as cytokines involved in Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus without and with lupus nephritis compared to healthy controls.

Materials and methods

Urine samples were taken from three groups of patients: healthy controls (n = 7), patients with systemic lupus erythematosus without lupus nephritis (n = 7), and patients with lupus and lupus nephritis (n = 4). The urine sample was collected and concentrated by ultrafiltration. A western blot evaluated HMGB1, HISTONE H3, CALRETICULIN (CRT), ANNEXIN A1 and CD46, CX3CL1 by ELISA and cytokines such as IL-8, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α, and IL-1β by flow cytometry.

Results

Histone H3 was detected in two patients, one with systemic lupus erythematosus without lupus nephritis and one with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis. The detected band suggests a post-translational modification. There were no differences between the levels of HMGB1 and CX3CL1 in the study groups. CD46, ANNEXIN A1, and CRT were not detected in our samples. When evaluating cytokines in urine, an increase in IL-8 was observed in the group of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus without nephritis compared to controls. For IL-6, an increase was found among patients without lupus nephritis when compared with patients with lupus nephritis. No differences were found between the urinary levels of the other cytokines evaluated (IL-12p70, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10).

Conclusion

Urinary histone H3 and IL-8 levels may be interesting molecules to be evaluated in more patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, while HMGB1 and CX3CL1 are not useful. Further evaluation of patients is required to confirm these findings.

Keywords:
Lupus nephritis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Biomarkers
Cytokines
Histone
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir los niveles urinarios de moléculas relacionadas con la remoción de células apoptóticas y desencadenamiento de la inflamación, así como citocinas involucradas, en pacientes colombianos con lupus eritematoso sistémico sin y con nefritis lúpica, en comparación con controles sanos.

Materiales y métodos

Se tomó una muestra de orina a tres grupos de pacientes: controles sanos (n = 7), pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico sin nefritis lúpica (n = 7) y pacientes con lupus y nefritis lúpica (n = 4). La muestra de orina fue recolectada y concentrada por ultrafiltración. Se evaluó por western blot: HMGB1, histona H3, calreticulina (CRT), anexina A1 y CD46, CX3CL1 por Elisa y citocinas como IL-8, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α e IL-1β por citometría de flujo.

Resultados

La histona H3 se detectó en dos pacientes, uno con lupus eritematoso sistémico sin nefritis lúpica y uno con lupus eritematoso sistémico y nefritis lúpica. La banda detectada sugiere una modificación postraduccional. No hubo diferencias entre los niveles de HMGB1 y CX3CL1 en los grupos de estudio. CD46, anexin A1y CRT no se detectaron en nuestras muestras. Al evaluar las citocinas en orina, se observó un incremento de IL-8 en el grupo de pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico sin nefritis, en comparación con los controles, en tanto que para la IL-6, se encontró un aumento en pacientes sin nefritis lúpica, en comparación con pacientes con nefritis lúpica. No se hallaron diferencias en los niveles urinarios de las demás citocinas evaluadas (IL-12p70, TNF-α, IL-1β e IL-10).

Conclusión

Los niveles urinarios de histona H3 e IL-8 pueden ser moléculas interesantes para ser evaluadas en un grupo más amplio de pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico, mientras que la HMGB1 y CX3CL1 no parecen ser útiles. Se requiere evaluar más pacientes para confirmar estos hallazgos.

Palabras clave:
Nefritis lúpica
Lupus eritematoso sistémico
Biomarcador
Citoquinas
Histonas

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