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Vol. 44. Issue S1.
Pages 63-67 (October 2010)
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26983
Vol. 44. Issue S1.
Pages 63-67 (October 2010)
Revisión
Drenaje linfático manual y presoterapia
Manual lymph drainage and pressotherapy
Visits
26983
E. Cátedra-Vallésa,
Corresponding author
ecatedra@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, M. García-Basconesb, A.B. Puentes-Gutierrezb
a Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España
b Unidad de Linfedema, Servicio de Rehabilitación, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, España
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Resumen

El drenaje linfático manual (DLM) es una técnica específica de masoterapia en la que se realiza una suave aplicación de presión cuyo objetivo es estimular la salida de linfa y líquidos intersticiales de la zona afectada. Existen diferentes escuelas de DLM pero todas mantienen los aspectos básicos en común, estando indicado en los linfedemas estadio I y II según la Clasificación de la Sociedad Internacional de Linfología.

La presoterapia es una técnica de tratamiento por compresión externa, habitualmente neumática, producida por un sistema de bombeo a través de una cámara de aire, produciendo así una presión intermitente en la extremidad afecta. Existen múltiples estudios que avalan su indicación en patología venosa, sin embargo su uso para el tratamiento del linfedema es controvertido y no está recomendado de manera aislada por el riesgo de desarrollar fibrosis a largo plazo empeorando así el linfedema.

Aunque faltan estudios de calidad metodológica que demuestren la eficacia del DLM y de la presoterapia, diferentes documentos de consenso incluyen ambas técnicas como parte de la primera fase de la TFD para el tratamiento del linfedema acompañado de prendas de contención, ejercicios y cuidados de la piel.

Palabras clave:
Linfedema
Drenaje linfático manual
Presoterapia
Terapia física descongestiva
Compresión externa
Abstract

Manual Lymph Drainage (MLD) is a specific message therapy that consists of applying soft-pressure massage. Its main objective is to stimulate drainage of lymph and interstitial fluids from the affected area. There are different schools of MLD, however, all of them have the basic aspects in common and indicate MLD for Stage I and II lymphedema according to the Classification of the International Society of Lymphology (ISL).

Pressotherapy is a technique that uses external compression created by a pneumatic pump through an air/pump chamber. This procedure creates intermittent pressure on the affected area or limb. There are many studies that support its indication for venous conditions. However, its use in the treatment of lymphadema is controversial and using it alone is not recommended because of the long-term risk of developing fibrosis, which would therefore worsen the condition.

Although sufficient methodological studies do not exist in order to demonstrate the efficacy of MLD and pneumatic compression, there are several articles that include both procedures as part of the first stage of Decongestive Physical Therapy for the treatment of lymphedema, along with elastic compression garments, exercises and skin care.

Keywords:
Lymphedema
Manual lymph drainage
Pneumatic compression
Decongestive physical therapy
External compression

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