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Vol. 65. Issue 2.
Pages 106-111 (March - April 2023)
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Vol. 65. Issue 2.
Pages 106-111 (March - April 2023)
Original articles
Pleural appendages: Description, incidence and relations with body mass index
Apéndices pleurales: descripción, incidencia y relación con el índice de masa corporal
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A.M. Villanueva Camposa, J. Etxano Canterab, N. Patelc, A.J. Villanueva Marcosd,
Corresponding author
avillanueva@nhs.net

Corresponding author.
a Hospital POVISA, Departamento de Radiología, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
b Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Araba, Sede Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba/Álava, Spain
c Stanmore Road Medical Group, Stevenage, England
d Department of Radiology, East Surrey Hospital, Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, England
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Abstract
Background and aims

Pleural appendages (PA) are portions of extrapleural fat that hang from the chest wall. They have been described on videothoracoscopy, however their appearance, frequency and possible relationship with the amount of patient's fat remain unknown. Our aim is to describe their appearances and prevalence on CT, and determinate whether their size and number is higher in obese patients.

Patients and methods

Axial images of 226 patients with pneumothorax on CT chest were retrospectively reviewed. Exclusion criteria included known pleural disease, previous thoracic surgery and small pneumothorax.

Patients were divided in obese (BMI>30) and non-obese (BMI<30) groups. Presence, position, size and number of PA were recorded. Chi square and Fisher's exact test were used to evaluate differences between the two groups, considering p<0.05 as significant.

Results

Valid CT studies were available for 101 patients. Extrapleural fat was identified in 50 (49.5%) patients. Most were solitary (n=31). Most were located in the cardiophrenic angle (n=27), and most measured <5cm (n=39).

There was no significant difference between obese and non-obese patients regarding the presence or absence of PA (p=0.315), number (p=0.458) and size (p=0.458).

Conclusions

Pleural appendages were seen in 49.5% patients with pneumothorax on CT. There was no significant difference between obese and non-obese patients regarding presence, number and size of pleural appendages.

Keywords:
Pleural cavity
Computed tomography
Volume
Chest pain
Body mass index
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Los apéndices pleurales son grasa extrapleural que cuelga de la pared torácica. Han sido descritos mediante videotoracoscopia, pero no se conocen exactamente ni el aspecto ni la frecuencia con que se observan apéndices pleurales en tomografía computarizada (TC) ni tampoco si están relacionados con la cantidad de grasa del paciente. Pretendemos describir el aspecto y conocer la prevalencia de los apéndices pleurales observados en TC, así como saber si su presencia, tamaño y número es mayor en pacientes obesos que en no obesos.

Pacientes y métodos

Se han revisado retrospectivamente las imágenes axiales de tomografía computarizada de 226 pacientes con neumotórax. Fueron excluidos del estudio los pacientes con antecedentes de enfermedad pleural, cirugía torácica o neumotórax pequeños. Se dividió a los pacientes en dos grupos según el índice de masa corporal (IMC): obesos (IMC?≥?30) y no obesos (IMC<30).

Se recogieron el número y tamaño de apéndices pleurales en cada paciente. Se emplearon una prueba de χ2 y el test exacto de Fisher para evaluar las diferencias entre los dos grupos. Un valor de p<0,05 se consideró significativo.

Resultados

101 pacientes presentaron estudios de TC válidos. Se identificaron apéndices pleurales en 50 de los 101 pacientes (49,5%). La mayoría se presentan de forma solitaria (n=31), en el seno cardiofrénico (n=27) y tienen un tamaño inferior a 5 cm (n=39).

No hubo diferencia significativa entre los pacientes obesos y los no obesos en relación con la presencia o ausencia (p=0,315), número (p=0,458) y tamaño (p=0,458) de apéndices pleurales.

Conclusiones

Los apéndices pleurales se observan en el 49,5% de los pacientes con neumotórax estudiados con TC en este estudio. No hubo diferencia significativa entre los pacientes obesos y los no obesos respecto a la presencia, número y tamaño de apéndices pleurales.

Palabras clave:
Cavidad pleural
Tomografía computarizada
Volumen
Dolor torácico
Índice de masa corporal

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