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Vol. 26. Issue 2.
Pages 100-104 (January 2011)
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Vol. 26. Issue 2.
Pages 100-104 (January 2011)
Original Article
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Neuro-otological symptoms in patients with migraine
Síntomas neurootológicos en pacientes con migraña
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J. Porta-Etessama,b,
Corresponding author
jporta@yahoo.com

Corresponding author.
, R. García-Cobosb, M.L. Cuadradoa,b, I. Casanovab, T. Lapeñab, R. García-Ramosb
a Unidad de Cefaleas, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Article information
Abstract
Introduction

Neurootological symptoms are common in patients with migraine, and have been reported to be associated with diverse conditions.

Patients and methods

A total of 70 patients with a diagnosis of episodic migraine, with or without aura, attending our Migraine Unit were selected. The specific variables studied were the diagnosis of instability, psycho-physiological dizziness, presyncopal symptoms, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), migraine associated recurrent vertigo (MARV), and Meniere's disease.

Results

A total of 44.3% of cases had orthostatism or syncope, 15.7% with instability (possibly due to bilateral vestibular hypofunction), 14.2% with MARV and 8.6% with BPPV. The presence of BPPV was observed in older patients (40 years), whilst MARV was a condition seen in younger ones (35 years). These findings are of interest and remind us that benign paroxysmal vertigo is a childhood condition and age is a risk for BPPV.

Conclusions

Migraine patients often present with neuro-otological symptoms that can be classified as inter-episodic and episodic symptoms, and specific and non-specific migraine symptoms. This approach is of obvious pathophysiological interest, given that MARV and the possible vestibular hypofunction of migraine patients are symptoms that share physiological aspects with migraine, while the orthostatism symptoms and BPPV are nonspecific and are seen to be associated with other conditions.

Keywords:
Migraine
Vertigo
Dizziness
Neurootological symptoms
Resumen
Introducción

La frecuencia de los síntomas neurootológicos son frecuentes en los pacientes con migraña, habiéndose descrito la asociación de diversas entidades.

Pacientes y métodos

Seleccionamos de la unidad de cefaleas a 70 pacientes con diagnóstico de migraña episódica con o sin aura y valoramos específicamente el diagnóstico de inestabilidad, mareo psicofisiológico, síntomas presincopales, vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno (VPPB), vértigo recurrente asociado a la migraña (VRAM) y la Meniere's disease.

Resultados

Un 44,3% presentó ortostatismo o síncopes, un 15,7% inestabilidad posiblemente por hipofunción vestibular bilateral, un 14,2% VRAM y un 8,6% VPPB. La presencia de VPPB la hemos observado en pacientes de mayor edad (40 años), mientras que el VRAM es una entidad de más jóvenes (35 años). Estos hallazgos nos llaman la atención y nos recuerdan cómo el vértigo benigno paroxístico es una entidad de la infancia y para el VPPB la edad es un factor de riesgo.

Conclusiones

Los migrañosos presentan con frecuencia síntomas neurootológicos que podemos clasificar en síntomas interepisódicos y episódicos, y síntomas específicos e inespecíficos de la migraña. Esta aproximación tiene un evidente interés fisiopatológico dado que tanto el VRAM como la posible hipofunción vestibular de los migrañosos son síntomas que comparten aspectos fisiopatológicos con la migraña, mientras que los síntomas de ortostatismo y el VPPB son inespecíficos y se observan asociados a otras entidades.

Palabras clave:
Migraña
Vértigo
Mareo
Síntomas neurootológicos
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Neurología
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