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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Influence of glomerular filtration rate on effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotra...
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Original article
Available online 7 November 2025
Influence of glomerular filtration rate on effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (iSGLT2) in elderly patients with acute heart failure. PROFUND-IC registry
Efectividad de los inhibidores del cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (iSGLT2) en función del filtrado glomerular en pacientes ancianos pluripatológicos con insuficiencia cardíaca aguda. Registro PROFUND-IC
Alicia Guzmán-Carrerasa,
Corresponding author
, Sahar Okaba, Irene Ruiz-Torrubiaa, Rafael Sánchez-del Hoyob, Mateo Paz-Cabezasb, Beatriz Sánchez-Saucec, Noel Lorenzo-Villalbad, Manuel Méndez-Bailóna, on behalf of all collaborators of the PROFUND-IC registry
a Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
b Unidad de Apoyo Metodológico a la Investigación, Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
c Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
d Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Table 1. Differential characteristics according to glomerular filtration rate.
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Table 2. Readmission and mortality according to SGLT2i administration.
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Abstract
Background

Heart failure is a prevalent disease causing high morbidity and mortality. It is associated with comorbidities like renal impairment that worsen its prognosis.

Aims

To analyse whether renal function influences the effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors in reducing readmissions or mortality in elderly pluripathological patients with acute heart failure (AHF).

Materials and methods

Retrospective study of 913 pluripathological patients with AHF from the PROFUND-IC registry. The sample was divided into three groups by glomerular filtration rate (GFR): ≤25th percentile (GFR ≤ 30.41 ml/min/1.73m²; N = 229), 25th–75th percentile (GFR 30.41–65.14; N = 456), and ≥75th percentile (GFR ≥ 65.14; N = 228). Group differences were analysed using chi-square test for qualitative variables and ANOVA for quantitative ones, with Fisher and Kruskal-Wallis tests applied when indicated. Kaplan-Meier curves evaluated survival and readmissions according to treatment with iSGLT2.

Results

913 patients were included, with mean GFR of 49 ml/min/1.73 m² and mean creatinine of 1.4 mg/dL. 58.2% were women, with a mean age of 84 years, and mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 51.45%. Patients with lower GFR were older (p < 0.001), had more diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), and worse functional class (p = 0.038). Mortality and readmission rates did not differ across GFR categories. SGLT2 inhibitors use was associated with reduced readmissions in all groups, although significant differences in mortality (p = 0.0068) and readmissions (p = 0.021) were only observed in patients with GFR between 30.41 and 65.14 ml/min/1.73 m2.

Conclusion

SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced readmissions and mortality in elderly pluripathological patients with AHF and GFR between 30.41 and 65.14 ml/min/1.73m².

Keywords:
Acute heart failure
iSGLT2
Renal function impairment
Resumen
Introducción

La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es una enfermedad frecuente con elevada morbimortalidad. Asocia comorbilidades como la insuficiencia renal que agravan su pronóstico.

Objetivos

Analizar si la función renal influye en la efectividad de los inhibidores del cotransportador de sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (iSGLT2) para reducir reingresos y mortalidad en ancianos pluripatológicos con IC aguda.

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo de 913 pacientes pluripatológicos con IC aguda procedentes del registro PROFUND-IC. Se clasificaron según el filtrado glomerular (FG) en 3 grupos: ≤percentil (P) 25 (FG ≤ 30.41 ml/min/1.73 m²; N = 229), P25–75 (FG 30.41–65.14 ml/min/1.73 m²; N = 456) y ≥ P75 (FG ≥ 65.14 ml/min/1.73 m2; N = 228). Las variables cualitativas se analizaron mediante el test de chi-cuadrado o Fisher; las cuantitativas con ANOVA o Kruskal-Wallis según normalidad. Se utilizaron curvas de Kaplan-Meier para analizar supervivencia y reingresos según tratamiento con iSGLT2.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 913 pacientes, con FG medio de 49 ml/min/1.73 m² y creatinina media de 1.4 mg/dL. El 58.2 % eran mujeres, con edad media 84 años, y fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo del 51.45 %. Los pacientes con menor FG eran más mayores (p < 0.001), tenían más diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001) y peor clase funcional (p = 0.038). No hubo diferencias significativas en mortalidad o reingresos según FG. La administración de iSGLT2 se asoció a menor reingreso en todos los grupos si bien la reducción de la mortalidad (p = 0.0068) y reingreso (p = 0.021) es estadísticamente significativa únicamente en pacientes con FG entre 30.41 y 65.14 ml/min/1.73 m2.

Conclusiones

El tratamiento con iSGLT2 se asoció a una reducción estadísticamente significativa de reingresos y mortalidad en ancianos pluripatológicos con IC aguda y FG entre 30.41–65.14 ml/min/1.73m².

Palabras clave:
Insuficiencia cardíaca aguda
iSGLT2
Enfermedad renal

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