Article information
Abstract
The term "autonomic syncope" has recently been introduced in the literature to encompass non-cardiac causes of syncope in which the autonomic nervous system plays a key role in its pathophysiology. The phenotypic classification into bradycardic, hypotensive, and mixed types has enabled a more precise approach to diagnosis and treatment.
This narrative review will present the latest updates with a practical focus, emphasizing the importance of diagnostic tools such as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and the tilt table test. Additionally, advances in personalized treatments will be discussed, ranging from lifestyle modifications to the use of medications and devices such as closed-loop stimulation pacemakers. Ongoing research continues to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effectiveness, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients with autonomic syncope.
Keywords:
Syncope
Reflex syncope
Orthostatic hypotension
Vasovagal syncope
Resumen
El término "síncope autonómico" ha sido introducido recientemente en la literatura para englobar aquellas causas de síncope no cardíaco en las que el sistema nervioso autonómico desempeña un papel clave en su fisiopatología. La clasificación fenotípica en bradicárdico, hipotensor y mixto ha permitido un enfoque más preciso en el diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Esta revisión narrativa abordará las últimas novedades con un enfoque práctico, destacando la importancia de herramientas diagnósticas como la monitorización ambulatoria de presión arterial y la prueba de mesa basculante. Además, se revisarán los avances en tratamientos personalizados, desde modificaciones en el estilo de vida hasta el uso de fármacos y dispositivos como el marcapasos con estimulación en bucle cerrado. La investigación en curso sigue mejorando la precisión diagnóstica y la efectividad terapéutica, permitiendo una mejor calidad de vida para los pacientes con síncope autonómico.
Palabras clave:
Síncope
Síncope reflejo
Hipotensión ortostática
Síncope vasovagal
Article
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