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Vol. 162. Issue 6.
Pages 265-272 (March 2024)
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Vol. 162. Issue 6.
Pages 265-272 (March 2024)
Original article
Association between reproductive history, breast cancer subtype, and survival in premenopausal women
Asociación entre la historia reproductiva, el subtipo de cáncer de mama y la supervivencia de mujeres premenopáusicas
Marta Bernal-Gómeza,b, Violeta Núñez-Álvareza,b, Jaime Lluch-Gómeza,b, Carlos de la Torre-Hitaa,b, Alicia Campini-Bermejoa,b, Eduardo Perdomo-Zaldívara,b, Lourdes Rodríguez-Péreza,b, Julio Calvete-Candenasa,b, Encarnación Benítez-Rodríguezb,c, José Manuel Baena-Cañadaa,b,
Corresponding author
a Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar (HUPM), Cádiz, Spain
b Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INIBiCA), Cádiz, Spain
c Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Patient and reproductive life characteristics.
Table 2. Characteristics of breast tumours and treatment received.
Table 3. Events occurring in 612 premenopausal women.
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Abstract
Background and objective

Reproductive history influences breast cancer risk. We analysed its association with tumour subtype and survival in premenopausal women.

Patients and methods

Retrospective, observational study of premenopausal women with stage I–III breast carcinoma in the last 20 years. Review of reproductive history, clinical data, and treatments in health records.

Results

In 661 premenopausal women (32.40% of 1377 total cases), median age was 47 years (19−53), menarche 12 (7−17), first delivery 28 (16−41) and number of deliveries 2 (0−9). One hundred and eleven (18.20%) were nulliparous. Three hundred and fifty-nine (58.80%) used natural lactation, with a median duration of 6 months. Anovulatory drugs were used by 271 (44.40%), with a median duration of 36 months.

Associations were found between menarche <10 years and lower risk of luminal subtype (OR 0.52, 95%CI 0.28−0.94; p = 0.03), between menarche >11 years and lower risk of HER2 subtype (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.26−0.97; p = 0.04) and between first birth >30 years and lower risk of triple negative subtype (OR 0.40, 95%CI 0.17−0.93; p = 0.03).

The 20-year overall and disease-free survival probabilities were 0.80 (95% CI 0.71−0.90) and 0.72 (95% CI 0.64−0.79) respectively. Patients with ≥1 delivery had better overall survival than nulliparous patients (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.27−0.96, p = 0.04).

Conclusions

The findings suggest an association between age at menarche and age at first delivery and breast cancer subtype. Nulliparity is associated with worse survival.

Keywords:
Reproductive history
Breast cancer subtype
Breast cancer survival
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

La historia reproductiva influye en el riesgo de cáncer de mama. Hemos analizado su asociación con el subtipo tumoral y la supervivencia en mujeres premenopáusicas.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, de mujeres premenopáusicas con carcinoma de mama, estadios I-III, en los últimos 20 años. Revisión de la historia reproductiva, datos clínicos y tratamientos en las historias de salud.

Resultados

En 661 mujeres premenopáusicas (32,40% de 1377 totales), la mediana de edad fue 47 años (19−53), de la menarquia 12 (7−17), del primer parto 28 (16−41) y de número de partos 2 (0−9). Fueron nulíparas 111 (18.20%). Emplearon lactancia natural 359 (58,80%) con mediana de duración de 6 meses. Consumieron anovulatorios 271 (44,40%), con mediana de 36 meses.

Se halló asociación entre menarquia <10 años y menos riesgo de subtipo luminal (OR 0,52, IC95% 0,28−0,94; p = 0,03), entre menarquia >11 años y menos riesgo de subtipo HER2 (OR 0,50, IC95% 0,26−0,97; p = 0,04) y entre primer parto >30 años y menos riesgo de subtipo triple negativo (OR 0,40, IC95% 0,17−0,93; p = 0,03).

La probabilidad de supervivencia global y libre de enfermedad a 20 años fue 0,80 (IC 95% 0,71−0,90) y 0,72 (IC 95% 0,64−0,79) respectivamente. Las pacientes con ≥1 parto presentaron mejor supervivencia global que las nulíparas (HR 0,51, IC 95% 0,27−0,96, p = 0,04).

Conclusiones

Los hallazgos sugieren que existe asociación entre edad de la menarquia y del primer parto y subtipo de cáncer de mama. La nuliparidad está asociada con peor supervivencia.

Palabras clave:
Historia reproductiva
Subtipo de cáncer de mama
Supervivencia

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