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Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Evolution of health-related quality of life in adult liver transplant recipients
Journal Information
Vol. 35. Issue 6.
(November - December 2025)
Vol. 35. Issue 6.
(November - December 2025)
Original Article
Evolution of health-related quality of life in adult liver transplant recipients
Evolución de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes adultos trasplantados hepáticos
Victor Fernandez-Alonsoa,
Corresponding author
victor.fernandez@cruzroja.es

Corresponding author.
, Ana Maria Hernandez-Matiasb, Manuela Perez-Gomezb, Marina Gómez de Quero-Cordobac, Maria Nieves Moro-Tejedord
a Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería de Cruz Roja, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
b Unidad de Trasplante Hepático, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
c Facultat d’Infermeria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Grup de Recerca en Infermeria, Tarragona, Spain
d Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación en Enfermería, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
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Figures (2)
Tables (6)
Table 1. Analysis between quality of life and sociodemographic and clinical variables at the time of inclusion on the waiting list.
Tables
Table 2. Correlation between quantitative variables and SF-12v2 score pre. LT.
Tables
Table 3. Relationship between variables before and after LT.
Tables
Table 4. Relationship between physical and mental quality of life and sociodemographic and clinical variables at one year following LT.
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Table 5. Correlation between quantitative variables and SF-12v2 score at one year following LT.
Tables
Table 6. Variables influencing the quality of life of liver transplant patients in the first year following transplantation.
Tables
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Abstract
Aim

To analyze the health-related quality of life perceived by patients undergoing a liver transplant and the relationship with mental health and other factors. clinical and sociodemographic characteristics during the first year after transplant.

Method

Observational, descriptive study, carried out in a tertiary hospital in Madrid from January 2020 to December 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical variables, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease sodium, health-related quality of life questionnaire. and scale were collected. hospital anxiety and depression. A descriptive and regression analysis of effects was performed to assess health-related quality of life.

Results

The patient sample was n = 56, with n = 45 (67.2%) men. The physical quality of life score was lower in women, presence of depressive symptoms and greater risk of liver disease. After the transplant, cardiovascular risk factors worsened, but quality of life improved significantly, maintaining a relationship with anxiety/depression.

Conclusion

Liver transplant impacts patient’s quality of life with significant physical improvement. Mental health is significantly impacted by depressive and anxious symptoms. The level of risk of the disease appears to play an important role, although with effects that vary over time. The nurse must guide post-transplant care towards an optimal quality of life, promoting adherence to treatment, and reducing risks by promoting physical activity and healthy habits.

Keywords:
Liver diseases
Alcoholics
Nursing
Mental health
Liver transplantation
Resumen
Objetivo

Analizar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud percibida por los pacientes que van a ser sometidos a un trasplante hepático y la relación con la salud mental y otros factores clínicos y sociodemográficos durante el primer año después del trasplante.

Método

Estudio observacional, descriptivo, realizado en un hospital terciario de Madrid desde enero de 2020 a diciembre de 2021. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, Modelo de Enfermedad Hepática Terminal sodio, cuestionario de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y escala de ansiedad y depresión hospitalaria. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y de regresión de efectos para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.

Resultados

La muestra de pacientes fue de n = 56, siendo n = 45 (67,2%) hombres. La puntuación de calidad de vida física fue menor en mujeres, presencia de síntomas depresivos y mayor riesgo de la enfermedad hepática. Tras el trasplante, los factores de riesgo cardiovascular empeoraron, pero la calidad de vida mejoró significativamente manteniendo relación con la ansiedad/depresión.

Conclusión

El trasplante hepático impacta la calidad de vida de los pacientes con una mejora física significativa. La salud mental se ve impactada significativamente por síntomas depresivos y ansiosos. El nivel de riesgo de la enfermedad parece jugar un papel importante, aunque con efectos que varían en función del tiempo. La enfermera debe orientar los cuidados postrasplantes hacia una calidad de vida optima, favoreciendo la adherencia al tratamiento, y reducir los riesgos mediante promoción de actividad física y hábitos saludables.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedades hepáticas
Alcohólicos
Enfermería
Salud mental
Trasplante de hígado

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