Article information
Abstract
Trocar site incisional hernias (TSIH) are the most common complications in laparoscopic surgery. We have carried out a review of the literature with the aim of establishing their incidence, the reasons for them happening, and their prevention.
After a search in the MEDLINE PubMed and PubMed CENTRAL data bases from 1991 to 2009, combining the words: “hernia”, “laparoscopy” and “trocar”, we obtained 545 articles, of which we analysed 60 of them.
The incidence of TSIH varies between 0.18% and 2.8%.
The diameter of the trocar, obesity and age play a fundamental role when proceeding to close the fascia, a closure which is the most important factor to prevent these incisional hernias appearing.
The appearance of new laparoscopic material and the increasing more common closure of defects of the fascia means that new and more extensive prospective studies should be performed.
Keywords:
Trocar site incisional hernia
Hernia
Laparoscopy
Resumen
La eventración de los orificios de los trocares (EOT) es la más frecuente complicación de la cirugía laparoscópica. Hemos realizado una revisión de la literatura con el fin de establecer su incidencia, las causas de aparición de las mismas y su prevención.
Tras una búsqueda en las bases de datos MEDLINE PubMed y PubMed CENTRAL desde 1991 hasta 2009, combinando las palabras: «hernia», «laparoscopy» y «trocar», obtuvimos 545 artículos de los cuales analizamos 60.
La incidencia de las EOT oscila entre el 0,18 y 2,8%.
El diámetro del trocar, la obesidad y la edad juegan un papel primordial a la hora de proceder al cierre de la fascia, cierre que es el factor más importante para prevenir la aparición de dichas eventraciones.
La aparición de nuevo material de laparoscopia y el cierre cada vez más frecuente de los defectos de la fascia hacen necesarios nuevos y más extensos estudios prospectivos.
Palabras clave:
Eventración orificios trocares
Hernia
Laparoscopia
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