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Inicio Cirugía Española (English Edition) Bile reflux after bariatric surgery
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Vol. 101. Issue S4.
Pages S63-S68 (October 2023)
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Vol. 101. Issue S4.
Pages S63-S68 (October 2023)
Special article
Bile reflux after bariatric surgery
Reflujo biliar tras cirugía bariátrica
M. Dolores Frutos Bernal
Corresponding author
mfb25s@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
Cirugía Bariátrica y Laparoscópica, Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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Vol. 101. Issue S4
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Abstract

The growing epidemic of obesity and the increase in weight loss surgery has led to a resurgence of interest in biliary reflux because anatomical alterations may be refluxogenic.

HIDA scan is the least invasive scan with good patient tolerability, sensitivity and reproducibility for the diagnosis of biliary reflux.

Patients with more advanced oesophageal lesions have a higher degree of duodenal reflux. It has been shown in animal models and in vitro that there is more Barrett's and dysplasia with duodenal reflux.

There are two cases of post-OAGB malignancy reported in 20 years, both without correlation with a biliary aetiology, so the carcinogenic risk probably remains theoretical.

Prospective trials on OAGB should include endoscopy preoperatively and at 5-year intervals, to have data on the real effects of bile exposure on the gastric reservoir and oesophagus.

Keywords:
Bariatric surgery
Biliary reflux
One anastomosis gastric bypass
Duodenal reflux
Carcinogenic risk
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Resumen

La creciente epidemia de obesidad y el aumento de las intervenciones quirúrgicas para la pérdida de peso, ha hecho resurgir el interés por el reflujo biliar porque estas alteraciones anatómicas pueden ser refluxógenas.

La gammagrafía HIDA es la exploración menos invasiva con buena tolerabilidad para el paciente, sensibilidad y reproducibilidad para el diagnóstico del reflujo biliar.

Los pacientes con lesiones esofágicas más avanzadas tienen un mayor grado de reflujo duodenal. Se ha demostrado en modelo animal e in vitro que hay más Barret y displasia con reflujo duodenal.

Hay dos casos de malignidad post-OAGB notificados en 20 años, ambos sin correlación con una etiología biliar, por lo que probablemente el riesgo carcinogénico siga siendo teórico.

Ensayos prospectivos sobre OAGB deben incluir endoscopia preoperatoria y a intervalos de 5 años, para disponer de datos sobre los efectos reales de la exposición a la bilis en el reservorio gástrico y el esófago.

Palabras clave:
Cirugía bariátrica
Reflujo biliar
One anastomosis gastric bypass
Reflujo duodenal
Riesgo carcinogénico
Bypass gástrico en Y de roux

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