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Inicio Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English Edition) Adherence to topical treatment of glaucoma, risk and protective factors: A revie...
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Vol. 93. Issue 2.
Pages 87-92 (February 2018)
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Vol. 93. Issue 2.
Pages 87-92 (February 2018)
Review
Adherence to topical treatment of glaucoma, risk and protective factors: A review
Adherencia al tratamiento tópico del glaucoma, factores protectores y de riesgo; una revisión del tema
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7
M.C. Vélez-Gómez
Corresponding author
mavelezgo@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, E.M. Vásquez-Trespalacios
Grupo de investigación Observatorio de la Salud Pública, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
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Abstract
Introduction

Glaucoma is a chronic asymptomatic disease, progressing to loss of vision. Elevated intraocular pressure is the only modifiable factor. Adherence to glaucoma treatment varies from 2 to 80%.

Objective

To evaluate factors associated with adherence to topical glaucoma treatment reported in the literature, and to identify protective factors and risk factors, as well as modifiable and non-modifiable factors, in order to take them into account to perform interventions in adherence.

Materials and methods

A bibliographic search of articles published in the last 8 years in databases such as Clinical Key, Cochrane (OVID), EBSCO, Lilacs, PubMed and Science Direct, of different observational studies that performed a measurement of the treatment of glaucoma and to identify associated factors.

Results

A total of 7 studies were selected that directly and indirectly measured adherence to glaucoma treatment. Different risk and protective factors for adherence to treatment were found. These showed that African-American race, poor education, low personal income, and high treatment costs, are strongly related to poor adherence to treatment. It was also found that educational interventions and a good patient–physician relationship impacted positively on adherence.

Conclusion

The results found are a guide for risk and protective factors for adherence to treatment of glaucoma. It is cost effective to educate patients to positively impact adherence. By identifying such factors, attention can be focused on poor adherence patients.

Keywords:
Glaucoma
Adherence
Glaucoma treatment adherence
Race and glaucoma treatment adherence
Management
Compliance
Resumen
Introducción

El glaucoma es una enfermedad crónica asintomática, que progresa a pérdida de la visión. Entre los factores de riesgo el único modificable es la presión intraocular elevada. La adherencia al tratamiento del glaucoma varía en un 2-80%.

Objetivo

Evaluar los factores asociados a la adherencia al tratamiento tópico del glaucoma reportados en la literatura, identificando factores protectores y factores de riesgo, además de modificables y no modificables para tenerlos en cuenta a la hora de realizar intervenciones sobre la adherencia.

Materiales y métodos

Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos publicados en los últimos 8 años, en bases de datos como Clinical Key, Cochrane (OVID), EBSCO, Lilacs, PubMed y Science Direct, de diferentes estudios observacionales que midieran la adherencia al tratamiento del glaucoma e identificaran factores asociados.

Resultados

En total se seleccionaron 7 estudios que midieron directa e indirectamente la adherencia al tratamiento del glaucoma. Se encontraron diferentes factores de riesgo y protectores para la adherencia al tratamiento. Se halló que la raza afroamericana, tener pobre educación, pocos ingresos personales, y costos elevados de tratamiento, están fuertemente relacionados con la pobre adherencia al tratamiento. Además se encontró que intervenciones de educación y buena relación médico-paciente impactan positivamente en la adherencia.

Conclusión

Los resultados obtenidos guían hacia los factores de riesgo y protectores para la adherencia al tratamiento del glaucoma. Es costo-efectivo realizar educación a los pacientes para impactar de forma positiva en la adherencia. Al identificar dichos factores se puede enfocar la atención en pacientes poco adherentes.

Palabras clave:
Glaucoma
Adherencia
Adherencia al tratamiento del glaucoma
Raza y adherencia al tratamiento del glaucoma
Manejo
Compromiso

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