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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 31-34 (January 2000)
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Vol. 24. Issue 1.
Pages 31-34 (January 2000)
Tumores del tracto urinario superior metacrónicos subsiguientes a tumores superficiales primarios de vejiga
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A. Ojea calvo1, A. Rodríguez alonso, D. Pérez garcía, A. Alonso rodrigo, B. Rodríguez iglesias, J. Benavente delgado, J.M. Barros rodríguez, J.L. Nogueira march
Servicio de Urología. Hospital Xeral de Vigo. Vigo (Pontevedra)
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Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar a largo plazo la incidencia de los tumores del tracto urinario superior, en pacientes con tumores superficiales de vejiga.

Material y métodos

Se analizan 78 pacientes con tumor primario de vejiga pTa-pT1 diagnosticados entre 1978 y 1988, seguidos entre 10 y 21 años (seguimiento medio 13,4 años) y tratados con resección transuretral y diferentes citostáticos endovesicales.

Resultados

De los 78 pacientes, 9 (11%) desarrollaron tumor en el tracto urinario superior, en un tiempo medio de 9 años (rango 4-18 años); 2 en los primeros 5 años, 4 entre los 5 y 10 años, y 3 entre los 10 y los 18 años. Las posibilidades de desarrollar un tumor en el tracto superior si se siguiesen todos los pacientes 20 años, serían del 25,6% (método de Kaplan-Meier). Un porcentaje alto de los tumores del tracto urinario superior son infiltrantes, pero la causa de la muerte en el 44% de estos pacientes es la progresión del tumor de vejiga.

Conclusiones

El porcentaje de tumores del tracto urinario superior, metacrónicos siguientes a un tumor de vejiga se incrementa al aumentar el tiempo de seguimiento. Un porcentaje alto de ellos se diagnostican en estadios altos, por lo que sería conveniente monitorizar el aparato urinario superior, con la misma periodicidad que la vejiga, para hacer diagnósticos precoces. Estos pacientes tienen una alta tasa de mortalidad, secundaria en la mayoría de los casos a la progresión del tumor de vejiga.

Palabras clave:
Tumor de vejiga
Tumor del tracto urinario superior
Incidencia
Control
Abstract
Objective

To evaluate the long term incidence of upper urinary tract tumours in patients with surface tumours of the bladder.

Material and methods

Analysis of 78 patients with primary tumour of the bladder pTa-pT1 diagnosed between 1978 and 1988. These patients were followed for up to 10 to 21 years (mean follow-up 13.4 years) and were treated with transurethral resection and a variety of endovesical cytostatic agents.

Results

Of all 78 patients, 9 (11%) developed an upper urinary tract tumour over an average of 9 years (range 4-18); 2 in the first 5 years, 4 between 5 to 10 years, and 3 between 10 and 18 years. The likelihood of finding a tumour in the upper tract if all 20-year old patients were to be followed would be 25.6% (Kaplan-Meier’s method). A high percentage of all upper urinary tract tumours are infiltrant, but the cause of death in 44% of these patients is progression of the tumour of the bladder.

Conclusions

The percentage of tumours of the upper urinary tract that become metachronic following a tumour of the bladder, increases with the duration of the follow-up. A high percentage of these cases are already in high stages when diagnosed. It would be convenient to monitor the upper urinary tract with the same periodicity than the bladder in order to establish early diagnoses. These patients show a high mortality rate, in most cases secondary to progression of the tumour of the bladder.

Key words:
Tumour of the bladder
Tumour of the upper urinary tract
Incidence
Management

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