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Vol. 59. Issue 2.
Pages 52-56 (January 2008)
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Vol. 59. Issue 2.
Pages 52-56 (January 2008)
Unilateral Benign Choanal Polyp: Review of 51 Patients
Pólipo coanal unilateral benigno: revisión de 51 pacientes
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David Virós Porcuna
Corresponding author
Dviros@santpau.es

Correspondence: Folgueroles, 44, Ático 2ª. 08022 Barcelona. España.
, Joan R. Montserrat Gili, Juan R. Gras Cabrerizo, Montse López Vilas, Albert Pujol Olmo
Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Introduction

Choanal polyps are a benign pathology arising in the sinusal mucosa and entering the nasal fossa heading for the choana. It is a unilateral condition mainly affecting young people. It must be surgically removed, with exeresis of both the nasal and the sinusal lesions.

Material and method

Aretrospective review has been made of 51 patients treated for choanal polyp at our centre. They were diagnosed through physical examination, nasal endoscopy, nasosinusal CT, and histological examination of biopsy from the mass in selected cases.

Results

The choanal polyps originated in the maxillary sinus in 46 cases, in the ethmoidal sinus of 5 patients, and only 1 in the sphenoid sinus. Antrochoanal and ethmoidochoanal polyps were simultaneously found in 1 patient. Unilateral nasal obstruction was the main clinical presentation in our series. Nasal discharge, epistaxis, and snoring were other initial clinical findings. Eighty-five per cent (39/46) of antrochoanal polyps (ACP) emerged into the nasal fossa through Giraldés's accessory orifice, and 15% (7/46) through the natural ostium of the sinus. The origin in the maxillary sinus was adequately documented in 18 cases. The endoscopic approach was used in 46 patients. Other options employed were the Caldwell-Luc approach and a combination of limited antrostomy and endoscopic nasal surgery; these were among the first cases seen and therefore the oldest. Two of them relapsed and were treated again with an endoscopic nasosinusal approach.

Conclusions

Endoscopic nasosinusal surgery is a safe and effective option and represents the approach of choice for the treatment of this pathology.

Key words:
Nasal polyp
Choanal
Maxillary
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
CT
Endoscopic surgery
Paranasal sinuses
Introducción

El pólipo coanal es una lesión benigna que nace en la mucosa sinusal y se desplaza hacia la fosa nasal en dirección a la coana. Es una enfermedad unilateral que afecta principalmente a pacientes jóvenes. Su tratamiento es quirúrgico, y se debe extirpar tanto la lesión endonasal como la endosinusal.

Material y método

Se realizó una revisión de 51 pacientes afectados de pólipo coanal tratados en nuestro centro. Su diagnóstico se llevó a cabo mediante exploración clínica, endoscopia nasal, tomografía computarizada nasosinusal y, eventualmente, un estudio histológico de la masa polipoide.

Resultados

La localización lesional endosinusal fue en 46 casos maxilar; en 5 casos, etmoidal, y un caso, esfenoidal. Un paciente presentó 2 pólipos coanales de forma simultánea, uno de tipo antrocoanal y otro etmoidocoanal. En la serie el síntoma principal de consulta fue la obstrucción nasal unilateral. Otros síntomas de presentación fueron rinorrea, epistaxis y roncopatía. El 85% (39/46) de los pólipos antrocoanales emergían a la fosa nasal por un orificio accesorio de Giraldés, mientras que el 15% (7/46), por el ostium natural del seno. La zona de implantación en el seno maxilar se documentó adecuadamente en 18 pacientes. El tratamiento quirúrgico utilizado fue la cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal en 46 casos. Otras opciones empleadas fueron el abordaje tipo Caldwell-Luc y la vía combinada antral y endonasal bajo control endoscópico, que se corresponden a los primeros casos tratados y, por tanto, a los más antiguos. Se apreciaron dos recidivas que fueron tratadas con éxito con cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal.

Conclusiones

El abordaje por cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal es una opción segura y eficaz; constituye la maniobra de elección en su tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
Pólipo nasal
Coanal
Maxilar
Etmoides
Esfenoides
TC
Cirugía endoscópica
Senos paranasales

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