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Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Impact of cochlear implants on cognitive performance during aging
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Original article
Available online 28 October 2025
Impact of cochlear implants on cognitive performance during aging
Impacto de los implantes cocleares en el rendimiento cognitivo durante el envejecimiento
Fatima Ezzahra Rizkoua,
Corresponding author
fatimaezzahrarizkou@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Youssef Lakhdara, Omar Oulghoula, Mohammed Chehbounia, Othmane Benhoummadb, Youssef Rochdia, Abdelaziz Rajia
a ENT and Neck and Head Surgery Department, University Medical Center, Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Morocco
b ENT and Neck and Head Surgery Department, University Hospital of Agadir, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, Morocco
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Table 1. Patient demographics and cognitive assessment scores.
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Table 2. Comparison of cognitive performance over time.
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Abstract
Objective

This study evaluates the impact of cochlear implantation on cognitive function in older adults, focusing on executive function, processing speed, and memory.

Methods

A prospective observational study was conducted on 15 older adults (mean age: 72.4 years) who underwent cochlear implantation at the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Trail Making Test (TMT-A and TMT-B) pre- and post-implantation (6 and 12 months). Results were compared using statistical analyses, and correlations between cognitive improvement and speech perception outcomes were examined.

Results

Cognitive function significantly improved post-implantation, with MMSE scores increasing from 22.93 ± 3.2 at baseline to 24.6 ± 2.9 at 12 months (p < 0.05). TMT-A and TMT-B scores also improved significantly (p < 0.05), indicating enhanced executive function and processing speed. A moderate correlation (r = 0.52, p = 0.04) was observed between cognitive improvement and speech perception.

Conclusion

These findings support the hypothesis that cochlear implantation in older adults positively impacts cognitive function. This study adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that auditory rehabilitation may help mitigate cognitive decline in aging populations.

Keywords:
Cochlear implantation
Sensorineural hearing loss Otology/Neurotology
Resumen
Objetivo

Este estudio evalúa el impacto de la implantación coclear en la función cognitiva de adultos mayores, centrándose en la función ejecutiva, la velocidad de procesamiento y la memoria.

Método

Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional prospectivo en 15 adultos mayores (edad media: 72,4 años) que se sometieron a una implantación coclear. La función cognitiva se evaluó mediante el Mini Examen del Estado Mental (MMSE) y la Prueba de Trazado (TMT-A y TMT-B) antes y después de la implantación (a los 6 y 12 meses). Los resultados se compararon mediante análisis estadísticos y se examinaron las correlaciones entre la mejora cognitiva y los resultados de percepción del habla.

Resultados

La función cognitiva mejoró significativamente después de la implantación, con puntuaciones MMSE que aumentaron de 22,93 ± 3,2 al inicio a 24,6 ± 2,9 a los 12 meses (p < 0,05). Las puntuaciones de TMT-A y TMT-B también mejoraron significativamente (p < 0,05), lo que indica una mejora en la función ejecutiva y la velocidad de procesamiento. Se observó una correlación moderada (r = 0,52, p = 0,04) entre la mejora cognitiva y la percepción del habla.

Conclusión

Estos hallazgos respaldan la hipótesis de que la implantación coclear en adultos mayores tiene un impacto positivo en la función cognitiva. Este estudio se suma al creciente cuerpo de evidencia que sugiere que la rehabilitación auditiva puede contribuir a mitigar el deterioro cognitivo en población anciana.

Palabras clave:
Implantación coclear
Hipoacusia neurosensorial
otología/neurotología

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