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Vol. 6. Núm. 1.
Páginas 11-19 (Marzo 2005)
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Vol. 6. Núm. 1.
Páginas 11-19 (Marzo 2005)
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Tratamiento del síndrome SAPHO
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18874
Ángel García-Aparicio
Sección de Reumatología. Hospital Virgen de la Salud. Toledo. España
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Resumen

El síndrome SAPHO (sinovitis, acné, pustulosis, hiperostosis, osteítis) representa una asociación de alteraciones musculoesqueléticas, sobre todo la hiperostosis de los huesos y las articulaciones de la pared torácica anterior, junto con varias entidades dermatológicas: acné fulminans, hidradenitis supurativa... Los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos son los fármacos empleados con mayor frecuencia, aunque su efecto no siempre se mantiene. Los agentes antimicrobianos han mostrado una eficacia variable en los casos en que se han utilizado. También los corticoides, el metotrexato o la sulfasalacina se han empleado en casos graves. Ningún tratamiento ha mostrado ser eficaz en todas las situaciones, por lo que se han empleado diferentes terapias con aceptables resultados. El pamidronato (un bifosfonato de segunda generación) es uno de los más prometedores agentes para los pacientes con síndrome SAPHO refractario a tratamiento convencional. En esta revisión también se presenta un caso tratado exitosamente con ácido zolendrónico.

Los resultados preliminares con los antagonistas del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa, infliximab y etanercept, indican otra posible opción terapéutica.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome SAPHO
AINE
Osteomielitis crónica multifocal recurrente
Abstract

The SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) syndrome describes an association between musculoeskeletal disorders, in particular hyperostosis involving the bones and joints of the anterior chest wall, and various dermatologic conditions: acne fulminans, hydradenitis supurativa... Nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs have been the most frequently used treatments. Unfortunately, the efectiveness of NSAID is neither consistent nor complete. Anti-infectious treatments have proved variable effectiveness in most reports in which they were tried. Corticosteroids, methotrexate or sulphasalazine can be used in the most severe cases. As no therapeutic modality has been shown to be effective, diverse therapeutic approaches have been tried in the management of SAPHO syndrome patients, with varying success. The second-generation biphosphonate pamidronate is one of the promising new therapeutic agent for patients with refractory SAPHO syndrome. In this review, we also report the first case successfully treated with zolendronic acid.

Preliminary results suggest that tumoral necrosis factor alpha blocking agents, infliximab and etanercept, may be effective in SAPHO syndrome.

Key words:
SAPHO syndrome
NSAID
Recurrent multifocal chronic osteomyelitis
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Bibliografía
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Copyright © 2005. Sociedad Española de Reumatología
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