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Vol. 11. Núm. 1.
Páginas 54-67 (Enero - Marzo 2014)
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3472
Vol. 11. Núm. 1.
Páginas 54-67 (Enero - Marzo 2014)
Open Access
Seguimiento de trayectorias tridimensionales de un quadrotor mediante control PVA
Three-dimensional trajectory tracking of a quadrotor through PVA control
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3472
Silvia Estellés Martínez
Autor para correspondencia
Silvia.Estelles.1@city.ac.uk

Autor para correspondencia.
, María Tomás-Rodríguez
School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences. Northampton Square. The City University Londres, Reino Unido
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Resumen

Este trabajo presenta el modelado de un quadrotor como un sistema multicuerpo llevado a cabo mediante el software Vehicle- Sim, en el que los diferentes componentes del sistema son descritos mediante una estructura paterno-filial señalando las restricciones físicas entre ellos. Los modelos estructural y aerodinámico han sido desarrollados mediante este software, ampliamente utilizado en la simulación del comportamiento dinámico de vehículos.

Sobre el modelo resultante se he desarrollado un algoritmo de control basado en la metodologia PVA con la finalidad de obtener un seguimiento de trayectoria mediante acciones de control suaves. Empleando la metodología convencional de control PVA no es posible estabilizar el vehículo en todos los rangos de posicionamiento lateral (y) y longitudinal (x). En este artículo los autores muestran como esta limitación en el diseño de una estrategia de control PVA convencional es solventada con una modificación consistente en sustituir los parámetros constantes del PVA clásico por funciones dependientes del desplazamiento.

El sistema de control es implementado para adecuarse a los requerimientos de las actuaciones y se diseña sobre la plataforma de simulación multidominio Simulink. Con la finalidad de obtener una importante mejora en la respuesta de posicionamiento, se im- plementa un generador de trayectorias continuas.

Una vez que el modelo es desarrollado y el sistema de control implementado, los autores presentan el modelo matemático y los resultados de las simulaciones realizadas. Éstas validan el empleo tanto de la metodología de control PVA aplicada, como de la alimentación de trayectorias predefinidas, no sólo para la posición, sino también para la velocidad y aceleración.

Palabras clave:
quadrotor
VehicleSim
modelado multicuerpo
control trayectoria
PVA
Abstract

In this work the authors present the modelling of a quadrotor as a multibody system carried out with the software VehicleSim, in which the different componenets of the system are described in a parental structure, pointing at the physical relations bet- ween them. The structural and aerodynamic models have been developed using this software, widely employed in the vehicle dynamics’ behaviour simulation.

On the resulting model, a control algorithm based in the PVA methodology has been developed in order to obtain a success- ful trajectory tracking through smooth control actions. Standard PVA control methods do not achieve vehicle's stabilization for all range of positions, lateral (y) and longitudinal (x). This de- sign limitation in standard PVA methods is overcome by subs- tituting the constant parameter on classic PVA by functions that depend on the position error.

The control system is implemented to satisfy the actuators re- quirements and it is designed using Simulink. A continuous tra- jectory generator system is derived with the objective of impro- ving the system's positioning response.

Once the model has been developed and the control system is implemented, the authors present the mathematical model ob- tained and the results of the simulations carried out. These vali- date the modified PVA methodology and as well the methodo- logy of predefined trajectories not only for positioning but also for velocity and acceleration tracking.

Keywords:
quadrotor
VehicleSim
multibody modelling
trajec-tory control
PVA control
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