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Inicio Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática Industrial RIAI Gestión Óptima de la Energía en Microrredes con Generación Renovable
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Vol. 12. Núm. 2.
Páginas 117-132 (Abril - Junio 2015)
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6861
Vol. 12. Núm. 2.
Páginas 117-132 (Abril - Junio 2015)
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Gestión Óptima de la Energía en Microrredes con Generación Renovable
Optimal Energy Management for Renewable Energy Microgrids
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6861
Carlos Bordonsa,
Autor para correspondencia
bordons@us.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, Félix García-Torresb, Luis Valverdec
a Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática, Universidad de Sevilla. Camino de los descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, España
b Unidad de Simulación y Control, Centro Nacional del Hidrógeno. Prolongación Fernando el Santo, s/n, 13500 Puertollano, Ciudad Real, España
c Departamento de Ingeniería Energética, Universidad de Sevilla. Camino de los descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, España
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Este artículo se centra en los temas relacionados con la operación óptima de las microrredes, que son conjuntos de cargas, generadores y sistemas de almacenamiento de energía, aislados o conectados al resto de la red eléctrica, que pueden ser gestionados de manera coordinada para suministrar electricidad de forma fiable. Se aborda la problemática y las soluciones de control tanto para la gestión del reparto de la carga entre los distintos generadores y almacenamiento como para la integración de la microrred en el mercado eléctrico. Se presentan diseños de controladores en el marco del Control Predictivo Basado en Modelo (Model Predictive Control, MPC) para casos que incluyen diversas fuentes renovables, como energía solar y eólica, y almacenamiento híbrido con hidrógeno, lo que permite gestionar el balance de energía en distintas escalas de tiempo. Se muestran algunos resultados experimentales en una microrred de laboratorio así como estudios de planificación para el mercado eléctrico. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el desarrollo de controladores adecuados facilitará una participación competitiva de las energías renovables y la integración de las microrredes en el nuevo modelo de sistema eléctrico.

Palabras clave:
Microrredes
Energías Renovables
Control Predictivo
Gestión de la Energía
Sistema Eléctrico.
Abstract

This paper deals with some issues related to optimal operation of microgrids, which are a group of loads, generators and energy storage systems that can be managed isolated or connected to the main grid, in a coordinated way in order to reliably supply electricity. The control problems and solution are addressed both for optimal dispatch and for the integration of the microgrid in the electricity market. Development of Model Predictive Controllers are presented for case studies that include several renewable sources (photovoltaic and wind) as well as hybrid storage using hydrogen. Some experimental results for a demonstration microgrid are presented, as well as simulations of scheduling in the electricity market. The results indicate that development of the appropriate controllers will allow a competitive participation of renewable energy in the new model of the electrical system.

Keywords:
Microgrids
renewable energy
model predictive control
energy management
electrical system
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