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Vol. 62. Issue 4.
Pages 266-279 (July - August 2020)
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Vol. 62. Issue 4.
Pages 266-279 (July - August 2020)
Update in Radiology
Uncommon complications of breast prostheses
Complicaciones infrecuentes de las prótesis de mama
Visits
869
N. Sánchez Rubio
Corresponding author
nsrnansaru@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, B. Lannegrand Menéndez, M. Duque Muñoz, M. Montes Fernández, M.J. Ciudad Fernández
Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Summary of complications associated with breast implants.
Table 2. National Comprehensive Cancer Network BIA-ALCL TNM classification (2019).
Table 3. Sensitivity and specificity for each imaging modality in detecting a seroma or a mass in patients with BIA-ALCL.50
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Abstract

Breast implants are associated with well-known common complications that have been widely studied, such as rupture and capsular contraction. However, the increasingly growing number of patients with breast implants has led to the increased likelihood of coming across less common complications; these include seromas or late infection; adenopathies in the internal mammary chain; granulomas in the capsule of the implant, which in some cases can extend beyond the fibrous capsule; desmoid tumours associated with the implants; and breast implant-associated large cell anaplastic lymphoma.

This article aims to review the main uncommon complications associated with breast implants and to describe and illustrate their findings in different imaging techniques. Proper management of these complications is important; this is especially true of late seroma and the diagnosis of breast implant-associated large cell anaplastic lymphoma for their repercussions.

Keywords:
Breast implants
Breast cancer
Breast surgery
Late seroma
Late infection
Fibrous capsule granuloma
Breast fibromatosis
Internal mammary chain adenopathies
Large cell anaplastic lymphoma
Magnetic resonance imaging
Resumen

Los implantes mamarios se asocian a complicaciones frecuentes ampliamente conocidas y estudiadas como la rotura y la contractura capsular. Sin embargo, debido al número cada vez mayor de pacientes portadoras de implantes mamarios, podemos encontrarnos con patología más infrecuente como la presencia de seroma o infección tardía, adenopatías en la cadena mamaria interna, granulomas en la cápsula del implante –que en algunos casos pueden extenderse más allá de la cápsula fibrosa–, tumores desmoides asociados a los implantes y el linfoma anaplásico de células grandes asociado a implantes mamarios. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar las principales complicaciones infrecuentes asociadas a los implantes mamarios y sus hallazgos radiológicos en las diferentes técnicas. Es importante un correcto manejo de esta patología, principalmente del seroma tardío, para diagnosticar precozmente el linfoma anaplásico de células grandes por su mayor transcendencia.

Palabras clave:
Implantes mamarios
Cáncer de mama
Cirugía de mama
Seroma tardío
Infección tardía
Granulomas de la cápsula fibrosa
Fibromatosis mamaria
Adenopatías de la cadena mamaria interna
Linfoma anaplásico de células grandes
Resonancia magnética de mama

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