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Vol. 58. Issue 3.
Pages 164-177 (May - June 2016)
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Vol. 58. Issue 3.
Pages 164-177 (May - June 2016)
Update in Radiology
Parametric techniques for characterizing myocardial tissue through magnetic resonance imaging (Part 1): T1 mapping
Técnicas paramétricas de caracterización tisular del miocardio mediante resonancia magnética (parte 1): mapas de T1
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R.J. Perea Palazóna,
Corresponding author
, J.T. Ortiz Pérezb, S. Prat Gonzálezb, T.M. de Caralt Robiraa, M.T. Cibeira Lópezc, M. Solé Arquésd
a Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Clínic, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínic, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Clínic, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
d Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínic, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Native T1 mapping normal reference values in different studios.
Table 2. Myocardial extracellular volume normal reference values in different studios.
Table 3. Orientative technical parameters used in different sequences of T1 mapping.
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Abstract

The development of myocardial fibrosis is a common process in the appearance of ventricular dysfunction in many heart diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging makes it possible to accurately evaluate the structure and function of the heart, and its role in the macroscopic characterization of myocardial fibrosis by late enhancement techniques has been widely validated clinically. Recent studies have demonstrated that T1-mapping techniques can quantify diffuse myocardial fibrosis and the expansion of the myocardial extracellular space in absolute terms. However, further studies are necessary to validate the usefulness of this technique in the early detection of tissue remodeling at a time when implementing early treatment would improve a patient's prognosis. This article reviews the state of the art for T1 mapping of the myocardium, its clinical applications, and its limitations.

Keywords:
Myocardium
Disease
Extracellular volume fraction
Diffuse myocardial fibrosis
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
T1 mapping
Resumen

El desarrollo de fibrosis miocárdica es un proceso común en la aparición de disfunción ventricular en muchas enfermedades cardiacas. La resonancia magnética permite valorar la anatomía y la función cardiaca con precisión, y su papel en la caracterización macroscópica de la fibrosis miocárdica mediante las técnicas de realce tardío ha sido ampliamente validado en clínica. En fechas recientes se ha demostrado que las técnicas de mapeo T1 miocárdico permiten la cuantificación en términos absolutos de la fibrosis difusa y de la expansión del espacio extracelular miocárdico. Sin embargo, se necesitan estudios adicionales que consigan validar la utilidad de esta técnica en la detección temprana del remodelado tisular en un momento en que la instauración de un tratamiento precoz permita mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes. Este artículo revisa el estado actual de las técnicas de mapeo T1 del miocardio, sus aplicaciones clínicas y sus limitaciones.

Palabras clave:
Miocardio
Patología
Fracción de volumen extracelular
Fibrosis miocárdica difusa
Resonancia magnética cardiaca
Mapas de T1

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