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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Skin lesions in children during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
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Vol. 157. Issue 1.
Pages 33-37 (July 2021)
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Vol. 157. Issue 1.
Pages 33-37 (July 2021)
Clinical report
Skin lesions in children during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Lesiones cutáneas en niños durante la primera ola de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2
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Begoña Carazo Gallegoa,
Corresponding author
bcarazo002@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Laura Martín Pedraza, Rocío Galindo Zavalab, Mercedes Rivera Cuelloc, Concepción Mediavilla Gradolphd, Esmeralda Núñez Cuadrosb
a Unidad de Infectología Pediátrica, UGC Pediatría, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
b Unidad de Reumatología Pediátrica, UGC Pediatría, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
c UGC de Pediatría y Neonatología, Hospital de La Axarquía, Vélez-Málaga (Málaga), Spain
d UGC de Microbiología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Table 1. Epidemiological and clinical differences of the comparative groups.
Table 2. Comparative laboratory data (complete blood count, biochemistry, autoimmunity, and microbiology).
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Abstract
Background

Cutaneous manifestations have been included in COVID-19 patients’ clinical spectrum. Our objective was to determine the association between skin lesions in children and SARS-CoV2 infection, analyzing others possible infectious/autoimmune etiologies.

Material and methods

Observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study, about children with skin manifestations from April to May 2020. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV2 was performed by PCR in nasopharyngeal exudate and/or presence of antibodies by serology.

Results

Sixty-two children were included, 9 (14.5%) presented positive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, with no positive PCR to SARS-Cov-2 in those patients in whom it was made. Patients with positive serology to SARS-CoV-2 presented chilblains and/or vesicular-bullous skin lesions more frequently (66.7% vs. 24.5%, p = 0.019). Generalized, urticarial and maculopapular rash was more common in patients with negative antibodies (37.7 vs. 0%, p = 0.047), others pathogens were isolated in 41.5% of these patients. There were no significant differences in the positivity for autoantibodies between both groups.

Conclusion

In our study, the presence of chilblains-like and/or vesicular lesions were significantly related to SARS-CoV2 previous contact.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Skin manifestations
Exanthema
Chilblains
Resumen
Introducción

Las manifestaciones cutáneas se han incluido en el espectro clínico de los pacientes con COVID-19. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la asociación entre las lesiones cutáneas observadas en niños durante la primera ola de la pandemia y la infección por SARS-CoV-2, analizando otras posibles etiologías infecciosas o autoinmunes.

Material y métodos

Estudio observacional, multicéntrico, de corte transversal, desarrollado en niños con manifestaciones cutáneas desde abril hasta mayo de 2020. La determinación de SARS-CoV-2 se realizó mediante PCR en exudado nasofaríngeo y/o serología.

Resultados

Se seleccionó a 62 niños; 9 (14,5%) presentaron serología positiva para SARS-CoV-2, siendo la PCR negativa en todos los casos en los que se realizó. Los pacientes con serología positiva para SARS-CoV-2 presentaron con más frecuencia lesiones pernióticas y/o vesiculosas (66,7 vs. 24,5%; p = 0,019). El exantema generalizado, urticarial y maculopapuloso fue más habitual en el grupo de pacientes con serología negativa (37,7 vs. 0%; p = 0,047); se aislaron otros patógenos en el 41,5%. No hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto a la positividad de autoanticuerpos entre ambos grupos.

Conclusión

En nuestro estudio, las lesiones de tipo perniosis o vesiculosas se relacionaron significativamente con el contacto previo con SARS-CoV-2.

Palabras clave:
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Manifestaciones cutáneas
Exantema
Perniosis

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