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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Prognostic value of the Charlson index in mortality in patients with pulmonary e...
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Vol. 158. Issue 5.
Pages 201-205 (March 2022)
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Vol. 158. Issue 5.
Pages 201-205 (March 2022)
Original article
Prognostic value of the Charlson index in mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism associated with cancer versus non-tumour pulmonary embolism
Valor pronóstico del Índice de Charlson en la mortalidad en pacientes con embolia pulmonar asociada a cáncer frente a embolia pulmonar no tumoral
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Lara Almudena Fernández Bermejoa,
Corresponding author
larafernandezber@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Carlos Gutiérrez Ortegab, José Javier Jareño Estebanc
a Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de la Fuenfría, Cercedilla, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Central de la Defensa, Madrid, Spain
c Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Central de la Defensa, Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of the different study groups.
Table 2. Assessment of the Charlson index according to the presence of cancer.
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Abstract
Introduction

The aim of this study is to analyse comorbidity, survival, and mortality from pulmonary embolism in people with cancer and without cancer. And to determine whether the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) predicts mortality in the short and long term in this population.

Methods

A retrospective observational study on survival in patients hospitalized in the Hospital Central de Defensa from 01/01/2009 to 15/03/2018, stratifying into tumour PE group (EPT) and non-tumour PE group (EPnT), all of whom were classified according to age adjusted CCI.

Results

368 patients were diagnosed with PE, 108 with associated cancer. The mean CCI in the EPT group was 7.2 and 4.5 in the EPnT group. Patients with PE and CCI > 5 were 10.7 times more likely to die (95%CI:1.5–77.6) compared to CCI 0 (P = .019). The CCI of patients with EPT was 2.6 points higher (95%CI:1.9–33) than EPnT patients (P < .001). Cancer patients were 1.9 times more likely to die (95%CI: 1.23–2.8) and had higher mortality at 30 days and at one year after the event, with a median survival of 8.98 years and 3.4 years, respectively (P < .001).

Conclusions

The CCI in EPT is an independent risk factor related to mortality. The CCI can predict higher mortality in the short and long term in patients with PE.

Keywords:
Pulmonary embolism
Cancer
Comorbidity
Mortality
Charlson Comorbidity Index
Prognosis
Resumen
Introducción

El objetivo del estudio es analizar la comorbilidad, la supervivencia y la mortalidad por embolia pulmonar (EP) en población con cáncer y sin cáncer. Asimismo el estudio trata de determinar si el Índice de Charlson (ICh) predice la mortalidad a corto y largo plazo en esta población.

Métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo de supervivencia en pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital Central de la Defensa diagnosticados de EP desde el 01/01/2009 al 15/03/2018, estratificándose en grupo EP tumoral (EPT) y grupo EP no tumoral (EPnT), siendo todos ellos clasificados según el ICh ajustado por edad.

Resultados

368 pacientes fueron diagnosticados de EP, 108 con cáncer. La media de ICh en el grupo EPT fue 7,2 y 4,5 en el grupo EPnT. Los pacientes con EP y un ICh>5 presentaron 10,7 veces más riesgo de muerte (IC95%:1,5–77,6) que los que tienen un ICh 0 (P = ,019). Los pacientes con EPT tuvieron 2,6 puntos más de ICh (IC 95%:1,9–33) que los no tumorales (P < ,001). Los pacientes con cáncer presentaron 1,9 veces más riesgo de muerte (IC95%:1,23–2,8), y una mayor mortalidad a 30 días y al año del evento, con una mediana de supervivencia de 8,98 años y 3,4 años, respectivamente (P < ,001).

Conclusiones

El ICh en la EPT es un factor de riesgo independiente relacionado con la mortalidad. El ICh predice una mayor mortalidad a corto y largo plazo en pacientes con EP.

Palabras clave:
Embolia pulmonar
Cáncer
Comorbilidad
Mortalidad
Índice de comorbilidad de Charlson
Pronóstico

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