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Vol. 148. Issue 9.
Pages 415-423 (May 2017)
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Vol. 148. Issue 9.
Pages 415-423 (May 2017)
Review
Infections in inflammatory bowel disease
Infecciones en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Visits
3
Enrique Rodríguez de Santiagoa,
Corresponding author
, Agustín Albillos Martíneza,b, Antonio López-Sanromána,b
a Servicio de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
b Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. Diagnostic methods for Clostridium difficile infection.
Table 2. Diagnostic tests for cytomegalovirus in inflammatory bowel disease.
Table 3. Treatment of infections in inflammatory bowel disease – summary table.
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Abstract

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease constitute a population with a special predisposition to develop bacterial, viral and fungal infections. Iatrogenic immunosuppression, frequent contact with healthcare facilities and surgical interventions are some of the risk factors that explain why these infections are one of the main causes of morbi-mortality in this disease. Some of these infections follow a subtle and paucisymptomatic evolution; their diagnosis and management may become a real challenge for the attending physician if their screening is not systematized or they are not considered in the differential diagnosis.

The objective of this review is to provide an update from a practical and concise perspective on the knowledge regarding the epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the most common infections.

Keywords:
Infections
Immunosuppression
Inflammatory bowel disease
Crohn's disease
Ulcerative colitis
Resumen

Los pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal son una población con especial predisposición a presentar infecciones bacterianas, víricas y fúngicas. La inmunosupresión iatrogénica, el contacto frecuente con el medio hospitalario y las intervenciones quirúrgicas son algunos de los factores de riesgo que explican el que las infecciones sean una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en esta enfermedad. Algunas de estas infecciones cursan de forma larvada y paucisintomática en muchas de las fases de su historia natural; su diagnóstico y tratamiento suponen un verdadero reto si no se sistematiza su detección o no se tienen presentes en el diagnóstico diferencial.

El objetivo de esta revisión es actualizar desde una perspectiva práctica y concisa el conocimiento sobre la epidemiología, la prevención, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las infecciones más comunes.

Palabras clave:
Infecciones
Inmunosupresión
Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Enfermedad de Crohn
Colitis ulcerosa

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