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Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Clinical trial: Comparison of pressurized infusion saline systems with and witho...
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Vol. 35. Issue 4.
(June - July 2025)
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Vol. 35. Issue 4.
(June - July 2025)
Special Article
Clinical trial: Comparison of pressurized infusion saline systems with and without heparin for the maintenance of vascular access in critically ill patients
Ensayo clínico: comparación de sistemas presurizados de infusión con suero salino con y sin heparina para el mantenimiento de accesos vasculares en el paciente crítico
Mònica Maqueda-Palaua,b,
Corresponding author
momapalau@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Jaime González-Sánchezc
a Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
b Grup d’Investigació en Cures, cronicitat i evidències en salut (CurES-IdISBa), Spain
c Unidad de Hospitalización de Neurología, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
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Figures (2)
Tables (5)
Table 1. Demographic and clinical data.
Tables
Table 2. Distribution of catheters per intervention group, reason for removal and complications.
Tables
Table 3. Differences between the catheter type depending on the presence or absence of complication.
Tables
Table 4. Comparison of complications according to catheter type in the intervention and non intervention groups.
Tables
Table 5. Multivariate logistic regression on presence or absence of complication.
Tables
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Abstract
Aim

To evaluate the efficacy of 0.9% saline solution versus heparinized solution for maintaining the patency of intravascular catheters.

Method

Single-center, randomized, controlled, single-blind clinical trial. Population: patients with intravascular arterial and/or central venous catheters. Variables: age, sex, admission diagnosis, catheter type and location, duration of catheter placement, catheter functionality, reason for removal, antiplatelet treatment, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), and International Normalized Ratio (INR) values. Data collection was carried out using an ad hoc questionnaire. SPSS v.26 software was used for statistical analysis, including descriptive analysis (median and IQR), Mann-Whitney U test, variable association (chi-square test), and logistic regression. A p-value < 0.05 was considered the indicator of a significant difference.

Results

Data were collected from 373 patients, of whom 68,4% were male. Heparin was administered to 202 patients (54,2%) and 0.9% saline to 171 patients (45,8%). A total of 595 catheters were analyzed: 221 (37,1%) arterial catheters, 229 (38,5%) centrally inserted central venous catheters, and 145 (24,4%) peripherally inserted central venous catheters. A total of 51 complications (8,6%) were detected, with a higher incidence in the heparin group (10,4% versus 6,3%). Among all complications, significant differences were observed by catheter type, with an incidence of 11,8% in arterial catheters, compared to 7,4% in centrally inserted central venous catheters and 5,5% in peripherally inserted central venous catheters.

Conclusions

No significant differences were observed in maintaining catheter patency between systems using heparinized pressurization and those using 0.9% saline solution.

Keywords:
Vascular access devices
Central venous catheters
Arterial intravascular catheters
Saline solution
Heparin
Catheter obstruction
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la eficacia del suero fisiológico 0,9% versus la solución heparinizada para el mantenimiento de la permeabilidad de catéteres intravasculares.

Método

Ensayo clínico, unicéntrico, con grupo control, aleatorizado y enmascaramiento simple. Población: pacientes portadores de catéteres intravasculares arteriales y/o catéteres venosos centrales. Variables: edad, sexo, diagnóstico de ingreso, tipo de catéter y localización, número días de permanencia, funcionalidad del catéter, motivo de la retirada, tratamiento antiagregante, valores de Tiempo de Tromboplastina Parcial Activado (TTPA) e Índice Internacional Normalizado (INR). La recogida de datos se llevó a cabo mediante un cuestionario ad hoc. Se utilizó el software SPSS v.26 para el análisis estadístico: análisis descriptivo (mediana y RIC), prueba de U Mann-Whitney, asociación de variables (test chi-cuadrado) y regresión logística. Se consideró como indicador de diferencia significativa un valor de p < 0,05.

Resultados

Se recopilaron datos de 373 pacientes. El 68,4% fueron hombres. A 202 pacientes (54,2%) se les administró heparina y a 171 (45,8%) suero fisiológico 0,9%. Se analizaron 595 catéteres, 221 (37,1%) catéteres arteriales, 229 (38,5%) catéter venoso central de acceso central y 145 (24,4%) catéteres venosos de acceso periférico. Se detectaron 51 complicaciones (8,6%), la incidencia fue mayor en el grupo de catéteres con heparina (10,4% frente a 6,3%). Del total de complicaciones, se observaron diferencias significativas en el tipo de catéter, con una incidencia de complicación del 11,8% en los arteriales frente al 7,4% en los catéteres venosos centrales y del 5,5% en los catéteres venosos centrales de inserción periférica.

Conclusiones

No se han observado diferencias significativas en cuanto al mantenimiento de la permeabilidad entre catéteres con sistemas de presurización heparinizado y suero fisiológico 0,9%.

Palabras clave:
Dispositivos de acceso vascular
Catéter venoso central
Catéter arterial
Solución salina
Heparina
Obstrucción de catéter

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