Residencias de ancianos en Portugal durante la COVID-19: desafíos para el futuro

Araujo, Odete; Sequeira, Carlos; Ferré-Grau, Carme; Sousa, Lia

doi:10.1016/j.enfcli.2021.09.011

Información del artículo

Resumen

Texto completo

Bibliografía

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Estadísticas

Resumen

Objetivo

Este estudio pretende explorar la percepción de los especialistas sobre el desempeño de las residencias de ancianos durante la COVID-19.

Método

Este es un estudio desarrollado en 2 fases: 1) un grupo focal, con el que se trabajó en mayo 2020, con 5 especialistas y 2) un Delphi modificado, implementado en septiembre 2020 con 22 especialistas, ambos en el área de asistencia en residencias de ancianos del norte y centro de Portugal.

Resultados

Los resultados permitieron identificar 3 áreas principales que influenciaron el desempeño de las residencias de ancianos desde el inicio del brote de la COVID-19: modelos de organización y recursos; salud física y mental de los residentes y; la familia como apoyo.

Conclusiones

Las personas mayores que residen en residencias para ancianos quedan particularmente vulnerables a la COVID-19, pues esta enfermedad puede tener para ellos consecuencias muy graves o incluso conducirle a la muerte. Es importante que las residencias prevengan la fragilidad física y mental de los ancianos, así como la soledad que muy probablemente les asola debido a las circunstancias pandémicas. Los responsables por las residencias de ancianos deben percibir que las personas mayores que viven en ellas tienen. por lo general. problemas de salud, lo que debería determinar la implementación de nuevas estrategias, entre ellas el aumento del número de profesionales debidamente capacitados.

Palabras clave:

Residencias de ancianos

Recursos humanos

COVID-19

Ancianos residentes

Familia

Abstract

Objective

This study sought to explore the perceptions of experts about the performance of nursing homes during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Method

A qualitative study was developed in two stages: (1) a focus group, conducted in May 2020, with 5 experts; (2) a modified e-Delphi, implemented in September 2020 with 22 experts, both in the area of assistance in nursing homes from Northern and Center of Portugal.

Results

The results allowed identifying three main areas that influenced the performance of nursing homes during the COVID-19 outbreak: organization models and resources; physical and mental health of residents and; family as a support.

Conclusions

Older adults residing in nursing homes are particularly vulnerable to severe disease or death from COVID-19. It is emergent that nursing homes prevent physical and mental frailty in older residents and the loneliness aggravated by the pandemic circumstances. Decision-makers need to recognize that older people living in nursing homes have several health needs, which should determine the implementation of new strategies namely the increase in the number of professionals with appropriate skills.

Keywords:

Nursing home

Human resources

COVID-19

Older residents

Family

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