Información del artículo
En la práctica clínica la coincidencia de diabetes y embarazo ocurre en 2 circunstancias diferentes: diabetes gestacional y la diabetes pregestacional. La hiperglucemia materna puede tener repercusiones importantes en el feto, que dependen del período de la gestación en el que está presente.
La diabetes gestacional identifica a mujeres con un riesgo sustancialmente elevado de presentar diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares en el futuro, lo que justifica la necesidad de establecer programas de prevención en el seguimiento posparto. En la diabetes pregestacional el control preconcepcional constituye la major oportunidad para prevenir las complicaciones maternas y neonatales. La diabetes (gestacional y pregestacional) no debe suponer un impedimento para la lactancia materna que, de hecho, puede aportar beneficios adicionales sus hijos.
Palabras clave:
Diabetes
Embarazo
Complicaciones
Tratamiento
Prevención
Lactancia
Diabetes mellitus and pregnancy cooccur in two different clinical entities: gestational diabetes and pregestational diabetes. Maternal hyperglycemia may have profound effects on the foetus, which depend on the period of pregnancy in which it is present.
Gestational diabetes identifies women at significant risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the future, who should undergo preventive programs in the postpartum follow-up. Preconception care in women with pregestational diabetes is the best method of preventing maternal and neonatal complications.
Diabetes (gestational and pregestational) should not be an obstacle for breastfeeding, which may, in fact, provide additional benefits to the child.
Key words:
Diabetes
Pregnancy
Complications
Treatment
Prevention
Lactation
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