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Vol. 52. Núm. 10.
Páginas 556-563 (Diciembre 2005)
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Vol. 52. Núm. 10.
Páginas 556-563 (Diciembre 2005)
Revisión
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Consumo de café y diabetes mellitus
Coffee consumption and diabetes mellitus
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19532
G. Rojo-Martínez
Autor para correspondencia
gemma.rojo.exts@juntadeandalucia.es

Correspondencia: Dra. G. Rojo-Martínez. Laboratorio de Investigación. Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Pabellón 5. Sótano. Hospital Civil. Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya. Pl. Hospital Civil, s/n. 29009 Málaga. España.
, S. Morcillo, M.C. Almaraz, F. Soriguer
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Civil. Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya. Málaga. España.
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Desde hace muchos años se ha estudiado la relación entre el consumo de café y diversas enfermedades, principalmente cardiovasculares y cáncer, pero también enfermedades psiquiátricas y, más recientemente, relación con la diabetes mellitus.

En este trabajo revisaremos los datos disponibles sobre la relación entre el café y el riesgo de presentar diabetes, con una breve referencia a la relación del café con las enfermedades cardiovasculares.

Los trabajos sobre la relación entre la ingesta de café y la presencia de diabetes son divergentes, ya que, mientras algunos grandes estudios de cohortes parecen indicar un efecto protector sobre la aparición de diabetes mellitus, los estudios de intervención (todos a corto plazo) suelen demostrar un efecto deletéreo sobre el metabolismo glucídico. Las relaciones entre el consumo de café y el riesgo de presentar diabetes mellitus están lejos de establecerse definitivamente. Posiblemente, la relación entre el consumo de café y la salud esté condicionada no solo por la presencia de sustancias bioactivas en el café –que además poseen efectos opuestos sobre el metabolismo glucídico, por ejemplo–, sino también por la forma de preparar la bebida (filtrado, hervido, expreso, instantáneo, natural o torrefacto…) que altera su composición final, y por otro lado por la asociación entre el consumo de café y otros hábitos dietéticos o no (ingesta de alcohol, tabaquismo, actividad física, incluso costumbre de dormir la siesta) que pueden influir de manera directa en los aspectos de la salud en los que también parecen influir los componentes del café.

Palabras clave:
Café
Cafeína
Diabetes mellitus
Ácido clorogénico
Antioxidantes

The association between coffee consumption and various diseases, mainly cardiovascular diseases and cancer but also psychiatric disorders and, more recently, diabetes mellitus, has been investigated for many years.

In the present article, we review the evidence available on the association between coffee intake and the risk of diabetes and briefly review the association between coffee intake and cardiovascular disease.

Studies on the association between coffee intake and diabetes report contradictory results; while some large cohort studies seem to indicate a protective effect against the development of diabetes mellitus, intervention studies (all short-term) usually demonstrate a harmful effect on glucose metabolism.

The association between coffee consumption and the risk of diabetes mellitus is far from being definitively established. The relationship between coffee intake and health may be influenced not only by the presence of bioactive substances in coffee (which, moreover, have opposite effects on glucose metabolism, for example) but also by the way the beverage is prepared (filtered, boiled, express, instant, natural or darkroasted…),which affects its final composition. The relationship between coffee consumption and other dietary and health-related factors (alcohol intake, smoking, physical activity, even the habit of taking an afternoon nap) may also be of influence. These factors may have a direct effect on the aspects of health influenced by the components of coffee.

Key words:
Coffee
Caffeine
Diabetes mellitus
Chlorogenic acid
Antioxidants
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